Eurasian Journal of Soil Science

Abstract

A few anthropogenic pollutants at the territory of the Republic of Macedonia, were studied, three Pb-Zn mines with three mills, one copper mine with mill and copper leaching facility, one Pb-Zn smelting and several mines and factories for raw minerals such is the Usje in our capital Skopje. At the Usje factory were measured values in ranges of 1.46÷2.23% Fe, 440÷940 mg kg-1 Mn, 93.4÷104.71mg kg-1Ni, 58.57÷83.1 mg kg-1Zn, 23.1÷34.9 mgkg-1 Pb, 42.30÷60.3 mg kg-1 Cu and 0.59÷1.61 mgkg-1Cd. The concentrations of heavy metals at Veles former smelting Pb-Zn plant were in the range: 20÷1823 mg kg-1Pb, 29÷2395 mg kg-1Zn, 28÷65 mgkg-1Cd, 27÷81 mg kg-1 Cu, 39÷164 mg kg-1Ni, 508÷938 mgkg-1Mn and 1.6÷3.8% Fe, all of them above reference values. Around the Feni smelting plant concentrations of particular pollution elements were in the range: 16÷31 mg kg-1Pb, 117÷286 mgkg-1Zn, 13÷30 mg kg-1Co, 43÷119 mg kg-1 Cu, 158÷292 mg kg-1Ni, 519÷903 mgkg-1Mn, 119÷236 mg kg-1 Cr and 2.24÷3.79% Fe. At the ToranicaPb-Zn mine all the measured values multiplexed above the standard values. Enrichment factors ranged from, low 3.75 for nickel up to 362.5 for zinc and extreme 1587.5 for lead. The Zletovo Pb-Zn mine has been characterized by all the measured values multiplexed above the standard values with an exception of nickel. Enrichment factors ranged from mediate ones such were those for copper of 20.8, cadmium of 28.7, arsenic of 32.5 up to high ones for zinc with 341.7 and lead 925. In regards to SasaPb-Zn mine all the measured values multiplexed above the standard values with an exception of nickel. Enrichment factors ranged from low for manganese of 12.14 and arsenic of 15.72, median for copper of 59.15, high for cadmium of 126 and extremely high for zinc with 892.7 and lead 1201.9. In regards to the Bucim copper mine the median values for Cu in samples were 396 mg kg-1 and the ranges from 94.8 to 1171 mg kg-1, for the Topolnica village the median values in samples were 150 mg kg-1 with ranges from 52.5 to 1183 mg kg-1 and for the Bučim village the median values were 145 mg kg-1 and the ranges from 85.3 to 317 mg kg-1.

Keywords

Heavy metals, contamination, mines, anthropogenic, R. Macedonia

References

<p>Alderton, D. H. M., Serafimovski, T., Mullen, B., Fairall, K., James, S., 2005. The Chemistry of Waters Associated with Metal Mining in Macedonia. Mine Water and Environment, IMWA Springer Verlag, Vol. 24: pp. 139-149.</p>

<p>Balabanova, B., Stafilov, T., &Scaron;ajn, R., Bačeva, K., 2011a. Monitoring deposition of anthro&not;po&not;ge&not;nic introduced elements in air. case study: copper mine environ. 2nd International Workshop on the UNESCO-IGCP Project: &ldquo;Anthropogenic effects on the human environment in the Neogene basins in the SE Europe&rdquo; 6-7th October 2011, Zagreb-Croatia, pp. 67-72</p>

<p>Balabanova, B., Stafilov, T., &Scaron;ajn, R., Bačeva, K. 2011b. Distribution of chemical ele&not;ments in attic dust as reflection of lithology and anthropogenic in&not;fluen&not;ce in the vicinity of copper mine and flotation, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 61, 173&ndash;184</p>

<p>Serafimovski, T., Dolenec, T., Tasev, G.,Rogan-&Scaron;muc, N., Dolenec, M., Vrhovnik, P., 2011a. Particular Macedonian Tertiary basins: geological features and anthropogenic input. Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on the UNESCO-IGCP Project &ldquo;Anthro&not;po&not;genic effects on the human environment in the Neogene basins in the SE Europe&rdquo;, Eds. Bermanec &amp; Serafimovski, Zagreb, Croatia, pp. 43-60.</p>

<p>Serafimovski, T., Dolenec, T., Tasev, G., Rogan-&Scaron;muc, N., Dolenec, M., Vrhovnik, P., 2011b. Pollution Related With Active Mines In The Eastern Macedonia. Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on the UNESCO-IGCP Project &ldquo;Anthropogenic effects on the human environment in the Neogene basins in the SE Europe&rdquo;, Eds. T. Dolenec &amp; T. Serafimovski, Ljubljana, Slovenia, pp. 43-60.</p>

<p>Sijakova-Ivanova, T., Paneva-Zajkova, V., 2005. Trace elements in the soils in the vicinity of the village of Pisica. (Ed: Boev, B. and Serafimovski, T) 3rd International Workshop on the UNESCO-IGCP Project: Anthropogenic effects on the human environment in Tertiary basins in the Mediterranean, Stip, 21st October 2005, pp. 77-80.</p>

<p>Stafilov, T., &Scaron;ajn, R., Pančevski, Z., Boev, B., Frontasyeva, V. M., Strelkova, P. L., 2008a. Geochemical atlas of Veles and the environs.Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics-Skopje, University &ldquo;Sts.Cyril and Methodius&rdquo; Skopje. 123p.</p>

<p>Stafilov, T., &Scaron;ajn, R., Boev, B., Cvetković, J., Mukaetov, D., Andreevski, M., 2008b.Geochemical atlas of Kavadarci and the environs.Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics-Skopje, University &ldquo;Sts. Cyril and Methodius&rdquo;-Skopje (ISBN 978-9989-668-74-6), 109 p.</p>

<p>Stafilov, T., &Scaron;ajn, R., Boev, B., Cvetković, J., Mukaetov, D., Andreevski, M., Lepitkova, S., 2010. Distribution of some elements in surface soil over the Kavadarci region, Republic of Macedonia. Environmental Earth Sciences 61 (7): 1515-1530</p>

<p>Stojanovska, M., 2005. Distribution of heavy and toxic metals in water, sediment and soil in the vicinity of Buchim mine. Bachelor thesis, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Stip, University &ldquo;Sts. Cyril and Methodius&rdquo;-Skopje, 159 p. (in Macedonian)</p>

<p>Tasev, G., Serafimovski, T., 2011. Pollution Around The Zletovo Mine, Republic of Macedo&not;nia. Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on the UNESCO-IGCP Project &ldquo;Anthropogenic effe&not;cts on the human environment in the Neogene basins in the SE Europe&rdquo;, Eds. Bermanec &amp; Serafimovski, Zagreb, Croatia, pp. 79-86.</p>

<p>Walton, C., Philips, D., Serafimovski, T., Siderovski, K., Georgieva, M., Ivanov, F., 2003a. Environmental Audit Report, Toranica Mine. Adam Smith Institute and Ministry of Environment and Physical Planing of the Republic of Macedonia. 40 p.</p>

<p>Walton, C., Philips, D., Serafimovski, T., Siderovski, K., Georgieva, M., Ivanov, F., 2003b. Environmental Audit Report, Zletovo Mine. Adam Smith Institute and Ministry of Environment and Physical Planing of the Republic of Macedonia. 41 p.</p>

<p>Walton, C., Philips, D., Serafimovski, T., Siderovski, K., Georgieva, M., Ivanov, F., 2003c. Environmental Audit Report, Sasa Mine. Adam Smith Institute and Ministry of Environment and Physical Planing of the Republic of Macedonia. 40p.</p>

Abstract

A few anthropogenic pollutants at the territory of the Republic of Macedonia, were studied, three Pb-Zn mines with three mills, one copper mine with mill and copper leaching facility, one Pb-Zn smelting and several mines and factories for raw minerals such is the Usje in our capital Skopje. At the Usje factory were measured values in ranges of 1.46÷2.23% Fe, 440÷940 mg kg-1 Mn, 93.4÷104.71mg kg-1Ni, 58.57÷83.1 mg kg-1Zn, 23.1÷34.9 mgkg-1 Pb, 42.30÷60.3 mg kg-1 Cu and 0.59÷1.61 mgkg-1Cd. The concentrations of heavy metals at Veles former smelting Pb-Zn plant were in the range: 20÷1823 mg kg-1Pb, 29÷2395 mg kg-1Zn, 28÷65 mgkg-1Cd, 27÷81 mg kg-1 Cu, 39÷164 mg kg-1Ni, 508÷938 mgkg-1Mn and 1.6÷3.8% Fe, all of them above reference values. Around the Feni smelting plant concentrations of particular pollution elements were in the range: 16÷31 mg kg-1Pb, 117÷286 mgkg-1Zn, 13÷30 mg kg-1Co, 43÷119 mg kg-1 Cu, 158÷292 mg kg-1Ni, 519÷903 mgkg-1Mn, 119÷236 mg kg-1 Cr and 2.24÷3.79% Fe. At the ToranicaPb-Zn mine all the measured values multiplexed above the standard values. Enrichment factors ranged from, low 3.75 for nickel up to 362.5 for zinc and extreme 1587.5 for lead. The Zletovo Pb-Zn mine has been characterized by all the measured values multiplexed above the standard values with an exception of nickel. Enrichment factors ranged from mediate ones such were those for copper of 20.8, cadmium of 28.7, arsenic of 32.5 up to high ones for zinc with 341.7 and lead 925. In regards to SasaPb-Zn mine all the measured values multiplexed above the standard values with an exception of nickel. Enrichment factors ranged from low for manganese of 12.14 and arsenic of 15.72, median for copper of 59.15, high for cadmium of 126 and extremely high for zinc with 892.7 and lead 1201.9. In regards to the Bucim copper mine the median values for Cu in samples were 396 mg kg-1 and the ranges from 94.8 to 1171 mg kg-1, for the Topolnica village the median values in samples were 150 mg kg-1 with ranges from 52.5 to 1183 mg kg-1 and for the Bučim village the median values were 145 mg kg-1 and the ranges from 85.3 to 317 mg kg-1.

Keywords: Heavy metals, contamination, mines, anthropogenic, R. Macedonia

References

Alderton, D. H. M., Serafimovski, T., Mullen, B., Fairall, K., James, S., 2005. The Chemistry of Waters Associated with Metal Mining in Macedonia. Mine Water and Environment, IMWA Springer Verlag, Vol. 24: pp. 139-149.

Balabanova, B., Stafilov, T., Šajn, R., Bačeva, K., 2011a. Monitoring deposition of anthro¬po¬ge¬nic introduced elements in air. case study: copper mine environ. 2nd International Workshop on the UNESCO-IGCP Project: “Anthropogenic effects on the human environment in the Neogene basins in the SE Europe” 6-7th October 2011, Zagreb-Croatia, pp. 67-72

Balabanova, B., Stafilov, T., Šajn, R., Bačeva, K. 2011b. Distribution of chemical ele¬ments in attic dust as reflection of lithology and anthropogenic in¬fluen¬ce in the vicinity of copper mine and flotation, Archives of En¬vi¬ron¬¬¬men¬tal Contamination and Toxicology, 61, 173–184

Serafimovski, T., Dolenec, T., Tasev, G.,Rogan-Šmuc, N., Dolenec, M., Vrhovnik, P., 2011a. Particular Macedonian Tertiary basins: geological features and anthropogenic input. Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on the UNESCO-IGCP Project “Anthro¬po¬genic effects on the human environment in the Neogene basins in the SE Europe”, Eds. Bermanec & Serafimovski, Zagreb, Croatia, pp. 43-60.

Serafimovski, T., Dolenec, T., Tasev, G., Rogan-Šmuc, N., Dolenec, M., Vrhovnik, P., 2011b. Pollution Related With Active Mines In The Eastern Macedonia. Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on the UNESCO-IGCP Project “Anthro¬po¬genic effects on the human environment in the Neogene basins in the SE Europe”, Eds. T. Dolenec & T. Serafimovski, Ljubljana, Slovenia, pp. 43-60.

Sijakova-Ivanova, T., Paneva-Zajkova, V., 2005. Trace elements in the soils in the vicinity of the village of Pisica. (Ed: Boev, B. and Serafimovski, T) 3rd International Workshop on the UNESCO-IGCP Project: Anthropogenic effects on the human environment in Tertiary basins in the Mediterranean, Stip, 21st October 2005, pp. 77-80.

Stafilov, T., Šajn, R., Pančevski, Z., Boev, B., Frontasyeva, V. M., Strelkova, P. L., 2008a. Geochemical atlas of Veles and the environs.Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics-Skopje, University “Sts.Cyril and Methodius” Skopje. 123p.

Stafilov, T., Šajn, R., Boev, B., Cvetković, J., Mukaetov, D., Andreevski, M., 2008b.Geochemical atlas of Kavadarci and the environs.Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics-Skopje, University “Sts. Cyril and Methodius”-Skopje (ISBN 978-9989-668-74-6), 109 p.

Stafilov, T., Šajn, R., Boev, B., Cvetković, J., Mukaetov, D., Andreevski, M., Lepitkova, S., 2010. Distribution of some elements in surface soil over the Kavadarci region, Republic of Macedonia. Environmental Earth Sciences 61 (7): 1515-1530

Stojanovska, M., 2005. Distribution of heavy and toxic metals in water, sediment and soil in the vicinity of Buchim mine. Bachelor thesis, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Stip, University “Sts. Cyril and Methodius”-Skopje, 159 p. (in Macedonian)

Tasev, G., Serafimovski, T., 2011. Pollution Around The Zletovo Mine, Republic of Macedo¬nia. Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on the UNESCO-IGCP Project “Anthro¬po¬genic effe¬cts on the human environment in the Neogene basins in the SE Europe”, Eds. Be¬rma¬nec & Serafimovski, Zagreb, Croatia, pp. 79-86.

Walton, C., Philips, D., Serafimovski, T., Siderovski, K., Georgieva, M., Ivanov, F., 2003a. Environmental Audit Report, Toranica Mine. Adam Smith Institute and Ministry of Environment and Physical Planing of the Republic of Macedonia. 40 p.

Walton, C., Philips, D., Serafimovski, T., Siderovski, K., Georgieva, M., Ivanov, F., 2003b. Environmental Audit Report, Zletovo Mine. Adam Smith Institute and Ministry of Environment and Physical Planing of the Republic of Macedonia. 41 p.

Walton, C., Philips, D., Serafimovski, T., Siderovski, K., Georgieva, M., Ivanov, F., 2003c. Environmental Audit Report, Sasa Mine. Adam Smith Institute and Ministry of Environment and Physical Planing of the Republic of Macedonia. 40p.