Eurasian Journal of Soil Science

Abstract

The rate of carbon dioxide efflux (CDE) from permafrost cryoarid floodplain sandy loam soil were determined without roots and crop residues contribution. The research site was located at the Experimental Station “Marhinsky” near the city of Yakutsk (62°08´51´´N 129°45´45´E). Fallow systems: conventional (CnF, found in 2003) where weeds were removed by cultivation and conservation (CnsF, found in 2008 ) – where soil has not been treated after ploughing perennial grasses and weeds were removed manually. CDE was measured in one week intervals during growing season using static chamber methodology. Each chamber (n=3) was placed in the middle of a square with 1m side length. CO2 was absorbed by 1n NaOH and the amount of CCO2 was determined by titration. The duration of each exposition amounted to 48 hours. Cumulative production of C-CO2 was calculated on the basis of daily average speed of CO2 emissions by the method of linear interpolation. In the CnF from 6th to 11th year of the experiment (2008-2013) CDE was about 800-900 kg/ha annually during the vegetation period. In CnsF after the first year of ploughing up CDE amounted 2,500 + 190 (mean + 095 confidence interval), in the next 2-5 years has stabilized at a level of 1,500+150 kg C-CO2 ha-1. In the 6th year (2013), which was characterized by an unusually early warm spring (2 weeks earlier than average) and humid summer (annual norm was exceeded in 1.5 times), CDE on the CnsF reached 2,100+150 kg C-CO2 ha-1. In CnF changes were not detected. Thus, in the present climatic conditions of Central Yakutia lower steady state of CDE from the investigated soil makes up about 800 – 900, the upper level makes up 1300 – 1500 kg C-CO2 ha-1. The increase in CO2 production by soil with increasing warmth and moisture vegetation period (approximately 500
kg C-CO2 ha-1) was negated by the same increase carbon sequestration in plant biomass.

Keywords

Greenhouse gases, permafrost soil, CO2 efflux

References

<p>Ball, B.A., Virginia, R.A., Barrett, J.E., Parsons, A. N., Wall, D.H., 2009. Interactions between physical and biotic factors influence CO2 flux in Antarctic dry valley soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 41: 510&ndash;1517.</p>

<p>Chimitdorzhieva, E .O., 2010. Production of carbon dioxide from dry steppe soils of Transbaikalia. Agrochimichesky vestnic, 4: 33-35.</p>

<p>Fouch&eacute; J., Keller C., Allard M, Ambrosi J.P., 2014. Increased CO2 fluxes under warming tests and soil solution chemistry in Histic and Turbic Cryosols, Salluit, Nunavik, Canada. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 68:185-199.</p>

<p>Ma, J.,Wang, Z.Y., Stevenson, B.A., Zheng, X.J., Li, Y., 2013. An inorganic CO2 diffusion and dissolution process explains negative CO2 fluxes in saline/alkaline soils. Scientific Reports 3, 2025</p>

<p>Risk ,D., Lee, C.K., MacIntyre, C., Cary, S.C., 2013. First year-round record of Antarctic Dry Valley soil CO2 flux. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 66: 193-196.</p>

<p>Schuur, E. A.G., Vogel, J.G., Crummer, K.G., Lee, H., Sickman, J.O., Osterkamp, T.E., 2009. The impact of permafrost thaw on old carbon release and net carbon exchange from tundra. Nature 459: 556&ndash;559.</p>

<p>Shanhun, F.L., Almond, P.C., Clough, T.L., Smith, C.M.S., 2012. Abiotic processes dominate CO2 fluxes in Antarctic soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 53: 99-111.</p>

<p>Sharkov, I.N., 1987. Improving the method for determining of CO2 efflux from the soil in the field. Pochvovedenie 1: 127-138.</p>

<p>Sharkov, I.N., Danilova, A.A., Pirogov, N.O., 2007. Changing fertility of leached chernozem in contrasting agricultural use. Agricultural Science &ndash; Agriculturral Technology: proceedings II International Scientific and Practical Conferences. Barnaul, Russia. Pp. 53-56.</p>

<p>Takakai, F., Desyatkin, A.R., Lopez, C.M.L., Fedorov, A.N., Desyatkin, R. V., Natano, R., 2008. Influence of forest disturbance on CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes from larch forest soil in the permafrost taiga region of eastern Siberia. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 54. 938&ndash;949.</p>

Abstract

The rate of carbon dioxide efflux (CDE) from permafrost cryoarid floodplain sandy loam soil were determined without roots and crop residues contribution. The research site was located at the Experimental Station “Marhinsky” near the city of Yakutsk (62°08´51´´N 129°45´45´E). Fallow systems: conventional (CnF, found in 2003) where weeds were removed by cultivation and conservation (CnsF, found in 2008 ) – where soil has not been treated after ploughing perennial grasses and weeds were removed manually. CDE was measured in one week intervals during growing season using static chamber methodology. Each chamber (n=3) was placed in the middle of a square with 1m side length. CO2 was absorbed by 1n NaOH and the amount of CCO2 was determined by titration. The duration of each exposition amounted to 48 hours. Cumulative production of C-CO2 was calculated on the basis of daily average speed of CO2 emissions by the method of linear interpolation. In the CnF from 6th to 11th year of the experiment (2008-2013) CDE was about 800-900 kg/ha annually during the vegetation period. In CnsF after the first year of ploughing up CDE amounted 2,500 + 190 (mean + 095 confidence interval), in the next 2-5 years has stabilized at a level of 1,500+150 kg C-CO2 ha-1. In the 6th year (2013), which was characterized by an unusually early warm spring (2 weeks earlier than average) and humid summer (annual norm was exceeded in 1.5 times), CDE on the CnsF reached 2,100+150 kg C-CO2 ha-1. In CnF changes were not detected. Thus, in the present climatic conditions of Central Yakutia lower steady state of CDE from the investigated soil makes up about 800 – 900, the upper level makes up 1300 – 1500 kg C-CO2 ha-1. The increase in CO2 production by soil with increasing warmth and moisture vegetation period (approximately 500
kg C-CO2 ha-1) was negated by the same increase carbon sequestration in plant biomass.

Keywords: Greenhouse gases, permafrost soil, CO2 efflux

References

Ball, B.A., Virginia, R.A., Barrett, J.E., Parsons, A. N., Wall, D.H., 2009. Interactions between physical and biotic factors influence CO2 flux in Antarctic dry valley soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 41: 510–1517.

Chimitdorzhieva, E .O., 2010. Production of carbon dioxide from dry steppe soils of Transbaikalia. Agrochimichesky vestnic, 4: 33-35.

Fouché J., Keller C., Allard M, Ambrosi J.P., 2014. Increased CO2 fluxes under warming tests and soil solution chemistry in Histic and Turbic Cryosols, Salluit, Nunavik, Canada. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 68:185-199.

Ma, J.,Wang, Z.Y., Stevenson, B.A., Zheng, X.J., Li, Y., 2013. An inorganic CO2 diffusion and dissolution process explains negative CO2 fluxes in saline/alkaline soils. Scientific Reports 3, 2025

Risk ,D., Lee, C.K., MacIntyre, C., Cary, S.C., 2013. First year-round record of Antarctic Dry Valley soil CO2 flux. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 66: 193-196.

Schuur, E. A.G., Vogel, J.G., Crummer, K.G., Lee, H., Sickman, J.O., Osterkamp, T.E., 2009. The impact of permafrost thaw on old carbon release and net carbon exchange from tundra. Nature 459: 556–559.

Shanhun, F.L., Almond, P.C., Clough, T.L., Smith, C.M.S., 2012. Abiotic processes dominate CO2 fluxes in Antarctic soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 53: 99-111.

Sharkov, I.N., 1987. Improving the method for determining of CO2 efflux from the soil in the field. Pochvovedenie 1: 127-138.

Sharkov, I.N., Danilova, A.A., Pirogov, N.O., 2007. Changing fertility of leached chernozem in contrasting agricultural use. Agricultural Science – Agriculturral Technology: proceedings II International Scientific and Practical Conferences. Barnaul, Russia. Pp. 53-56.

Takakai, F., Desyatkin, A.R., Lopez, C.M.L., Fedorov, A.N., Desyatkin, R. V., Natano, R., 2008. Influence of forest disturbance on CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes from larch forest soil in the permafrost taiga region of eastern Siberia. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 54. 938–949.