Eurasian Journal of Soil Science

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to determine changes in soil dehydrogenase activity in natural macro aggregates development along a slope in forest soils. This study was carried out in Kocadag, Samsun, Turkey. Four landscape positions i.e., summit, shoulder backslope and footslope, were selected. For each landseape position, soil macro aggregates were separated into six aggregate size classes using a dry sieving method and then dehydrogenase activity was analyzed. In this research, topography influenced the macroaggregate size and dehydrogenase activity within the aggregates. At all landscape positions, the contents of macro aggregates (especially > 6.3 mm and 2.00–4.75 mm) in all soil samples were higher than other macro aggregate contents. In footslope position, the soils had generally the higher dehydrogenase activity than the other positions at all landscape positions. In all positions, except for shoulder, dehydrogenase activity was greater macro aggregates of

Keywords

Topograpy, soil, aggregate, dehydrogenase activity

References

<p>Abiven, S., Menasseri, S., Chenu, C., 2009. The effects of organic inputs over time on soil aggregate stability &ndash; A literature analysis. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 41, 1&ndash;12</p>

<p>Alef, K., 1995. Dehydrogenase activity. In: Alef, K., Nannipieri, P. (Eds.), Methods in Applied Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry. Academic Press, San Diego, California, pp. 228&ndash;231.</p>

<p>Aşkın, T., Kızılkaya, R., 2006a. Organic and microbial biomass carbon contents of aggregates in a toposequence of pasture Soils. Asian Journal of Chemistry 18(2), 1500-1508.</p>

<p>Aşkın, T., Kızılkaya, R. 2006b. Assessing spatial variability of soil enzyme activities in pasture topsoils using geostatistics. European Journal of Soil Biology 42, 230-237.</p>

<p>Aşkın, T., Kızılkaya, R., 2009. Soil basal respiration and dehydrogenase activity of aggregates: A study in toposequence of pasture soil. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture 99, 98&ndash;112.</p>

<p>Bouyoucos GJ. 1951. A recalibration of the hydrometer method formaking mechanical analysis of soils. Agronomy Journal 43, 435&ndash;438.</p>

<p>Casida, L.E., Klein, D., Santoro, T., 1964. Soil dehydrogenase activity. Soil Science 98, 371&ndash;376.</p>

<p>Davis, P.H., 1965. Flora of Turkey: and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press.</p>

<p>Dengiz, O.,Kızılkaya, R., Erko&ccedil;ak, A., Durmuş, M., 2013. Variables of Microbial Response in Natural Soil Aggregates for Soil Characterization in Different Fluvial Land Shapes. Geomicrobiology Journal 30, 100-107.</p>

<p>Furczak, J., Joniec, J., 2007. Changes in biochemical activity of podzolic soil under willow culture in the second year of treatment with municipal&ndash;industrial sewage sludge. International Agrophysics of Polish Academy of Sciences 21, 145&ndash;152.</p>

<p>Garcia, C., Hernandez, T., Costa, F., 1997. Potential use of dehydrogenase activity as an index of microbial activity in degraded soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 28, 123&ndash;134.</p>

<p>Gerrard, A.J., 1981. Soils and Landforms: An Integration of Geomorphology and Pedology, London: George Allen and Unwin 219 pp.</p>

<p>Hackl E, Bachmann G, Zechmeister-Boltenstern S (2004) Microbial nitrogen turnover in soils under different types of natural forest. Forest Ecology and Management 188, 101&ndash;12.</p>

<p>Kızılkaya, R., 2008. Dehydrogenase activity in Lumbricus terrestris casts and surrounding soil affected by addition of different organic wastes and Zn. Bioresource Technology 99, 946&ndash;953.</p>

<p>Kızılkaya, R., Bayraklı, B. 2005. Effects of N-enriched sewage sludge on soil enzyme activities. Applied Soil Ecology 30, 192-202.</p>

<p>Kızılkaya, R., Hepşen, Ş. 2007. Microbiological properties in earthworm Lumbricus terrestris L. cast and surrounding soil amended with various organic wastes. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 38, 2861-2876.</p>

<p>Kızılkaya, R., Aşkın, T., Bayraklı, B., Sağlam, M., 2004. Microbiological characteristics of soils contaminated with heavy metals. European Journal of Soil Biology 40, 95-102.</p>

<p>Kiem, R. Kandeler, E. 1997. Stabilization of aggregates by the microbial biomass as affected by soil texture and type. Applied Soil Ecology 5, 221-230</p>

<p>Lenhard, G., 1956. The dehydrogenase activity in soil as a measure of the activity of soil microorganisms. Zeitschrift f&uuml;r Pflanzenern&auml;hrung und Bodenkunde 73, 1&ndash;11.</p>

<p>Ling, D.J., et al., 2010. Impacts of simulated acid rain on soil enzyme activities in a latosol. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 73, 1914&ndash;1918</p>

<p>Madsen, E. 1995. Impacts of agricultural practices on subsurface microbial ecology. Advances in Agronomy 54, 1-67.</p>

<p>McIntosh, P.D., Lynn, I.H., Johnstone, P.D., 2000.Creating and testing a geometric soil-landscape model in dry steeplands using a very low sampling density. Australian Journal of Soil Research 38, 101-112.</p>

<p>Nannipieri, P., Grego, S., Ceccanti, B., 1990. Ecological significance of the biological activity in soil. In: Bollag, J.W. Stotzky, G. (Eds.), Soil Biochemistry, Volume 6, Marcel Dekker Inc. New York, USA,</p>

<p>Nearing, M.A., 1995. Compressive strength for an aggregated and partially saturated soil. Soil Science Society America Journal 59, 35&ndash;38.</p>

<p>Pepper, I.L., Gerba, C.P., Brendecke, J.W., 1995. Environmental microbiology: a laboratory manual. Academic Press Inc. New York, USA.</p>

<p>Power, J.F., Sandoval, F.M., Ries R.E., Merrill, S.D., 1981. Effects of Topsoil and Subsoil Thickness on soil water content and crop production on a disturbed soil. Soil Science Society America Journal 45, 124-129.</p>

<p>Qian, W., Zhao, X.R., Chen, H.W., Tua, D., Lin, Q., 2004. Distribution characteristics of microbial biomass carbon in different soil aggregates in semi-arid area. Scientia Agricultura Sinica 37(10), 1504&ndash;1509.</p>

<p>Rezaei, S.A., Gilkes, R.J., 2005.The effects of landscape attributes and plant community on soil physical properties in rangelands. Geoderma 125, 145-154.</p>

<p>Rogers, J.E., Li, S.W., 1985. Effect of heavy metal and other inorganic ions on soil microbial activity: Soil dehydrogenase assay as a simple toxicity test. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 34, 858 &ndash; 865.</p>

<p>Rowell, D.L., 1996. Soil Science: methods and applications. Longman, UK.</p>

<p>Ruf, A., Beck, L., Dreher, P., Hund-Rinke, K., Rombke, J., Spelda, J., 2003. A biological classification concept for the assessment of soil quality: biological soil classification scheme (BBSK). Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 98, 263&ndash;271.</p>

<p>Ryoichi, D., Senaratne, L.R., 2009. Soil dehydrogenase in a land degradation-rehabilitation gradient: observations from a savanna site with a wet/dry seasonal cycle. Revista De Biologia Tropical 57, 223&ndash;234.</p>

<p>Six, J., Bossuyt, H., Degryze, S., Denef, K., 2004. A history of research on the link between (micro)aggregates, soil biota, and soil organic matter Dynamics. Soil and Tillage Research 79, 7&ndash;31</p>

<p>Skujins, J., 1973. Dehydrogenase: an indicator of biological activities in arid soils. Bulletins from the Ecological Research Communication (Stockholm) 17, 235&ndash;241.</p>

<p>Soil Quality Test Kit Guide, 1999. Soil Quality Test Kit Guide, USDA Agricultural Research Service. National Consevation Service. Soil Quality Institute. Washington D.C, USA.</p>

<p>Tisdall J.M., Oades J.M. 1982. Organic matter and water-stable aggregates in soils. Journal of Soil Science 62, 141&ndash;163.</p>

<p>Vekemans, X., Godden, B., Penninckx, M.J., 1989. Factor analysis of the relationships between several physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of some Belgian agricultural soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 21, 53-57.</p>

<p>Visser, S., Parkinson, D., 1992. Soil biological criteria as indicator of sol quality: soil microorganisms. American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 7, 33-37.</p>

<p>Zaman, M., Cameron, K.C., Di, H.J., Inubushi, K., 2002. Changes in mineral N, microbial and enzyme activities in different soil depths after applications of dairy shed effluent and chemical fertilizer. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 63, 275&ndash;290.</p>

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to determine changes in soil dehydrogenase activity in natural macro aggregates development along a slope in forest soils. This study was carried out in Kocadag, Samsun, Turkey. Four landscape positions i.e., summit, shoulder backslope and footslope, were selected. For each landseape position, soil macro aggregates were separated into six aggregate size classes using a dry sieving method and then dehydrogenase activity was analyzed. In this research, topography influenced the macroaggregate size and dehydrogenase activity within the aggregates. At all landscape positions, the contents of macro aggregates (especially > 6.3 mm and 2.00–4.75 mm) in all soil samples were higher than other macro aggregate contents. In footslope position, the soils had generally the higher dehydrogenase activity than the other positions at all landscape positions. In all positions, except for shoulder, dehydrogenase activity was greater macro aggregates of <1 mm than in the other macro aggregate size.

Keywords: Topograpy, soil, aggregate, dehydrogenase activity

References

Abiven, S., Menasseri, S., Chenu, C., 2009. The effects of organic inputs over time on soil aggregate stability – A literature analysis. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 41, 1–12

Alef, K., 1995. Dehydrogenase activity. In: Alef, K., Nannipieri, P. (Eds.), Methods in Applied Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry. Academic Press, San Diego, California, pp. 228–231.

Aşkın, T., Kızılkaya, R., 2006a. Organic and microbial biomass carbon contents of aggregates in a toposequence of pasture Soils. Asian Journal of Chemistry 18(2), 1500-1508.

Aşkın, T., Kızılkaya, R. 2006b. Assessing spatial variability of soil enzyme activities in pasture topsoils using geostatistics. European Journal of Soil Biology 42, 230-237.

Aşkın, T., Kızılkaya, R., 2009. Soil basal respiration and dehydrogenase activity of aggregates: A study in toposequence of pasture soil. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture 99, 98–112.

Bouyoucos GJ. 1951. A recalibration of the hydrometer method formaking mechanical analysis of soils. Agronomy Journal 43, 435–438.

Casida, L.E., Klein, D., Santoro, T., 1964. Soil dehydrogenase activity. Soil Science 98, 371–376.

Davis, P.H., 1965. Flora of Turkey: and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press.

Dengiz, O.,Kızılkaya, R., Erkoçak, A., Durmuş, M., 2013. Variables of Microbial Response in Natural Soil Aggregates for Soil Characterization in Different Fluvial Land Shapes. Geomicrobiology Journal 30, 100-107.

Furczak, J., Joniec, J., 2007. Changes in biochemical activity of podzolic soil under willow culture in the second year of treatment with municipal–industrial sewage sludge. International Agrophysics of Polish Academy of Sciences 21, 145–152.

Garcia, C., Hernandez, T., Costa, F., 1997. Potential use of dehydrogenase activity as an index of microbial activity in degraded soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 28, 123–134.

Gerrard, A.J., 1981. Soils and Landforms: An Integration of Geomorphology and Pedology, London: George Allen and Unwin 219 pp.

Hackl E, Bachmann G, Zechmeister-Boltenstern S (2004) Microbial nitrogen turnover in soils under different types of natural forest. Forest Ecology and Management 188, 101–12.

Kızılkaya, R., 2008. Dehydrogenase activity in Lumbricus terrestris casts and surrounding soil affected by addition of different organic wastes and Zn. Bioresource Technology 99, 946–953.

Kızılkaya, R., Bayraklı, B. 2005. Effects of N-enriched sewage sludge on soil enzyme activities. Applied Soil Ecology 30, 192-202.

Kızılkaya, R., Hepşen, Ş. 2007. Microbiological properties in earthworm Lumbricus terrestris L. cast and surrounding soil amended with various organic wastes. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 38, 2861-2876.

Kızılkaya, R., Aşkın, T., Bayraklı, B., Sağlam, M., 2004. Microbiological characteristics of soils contaminated with heavy metals. European Journal of Soil Biology 40, 95-102.

Kiem, R. Kandeler, E. 1997. Stabilization of aggregates by the microbial biomass as affected by soil texture and type. Applied Soil Ecology 5, 221-230

Lenhard, G., 1956. The dehydrogenase activity in soil as a measure of the activity of soil microorganisms. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde 73, 1–11.

Ling, D.J., et al., 2010. Impacts of simulated acid rain on soil enzyme activities in a latosol. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 73, 1914–1918

Madsen, E. 1995. Impacts of agricultural practices on subsurface microbial ecology. Advances in Agronomy 54, 1-67.

McIntosh, P.D., Lynn, I.H., Johnstone, P.D., 2000.Creating and testing a geometric soil-landscape model in dry steeplands using a very low sampling density. Australian Journal of Soil Research 38, 101-112.

Nannipieri, P., Grego, S., Ceccanti, B., 1990. Ecological significance of the biological activity in soil. In: Bollag, J.W. Stotzky, G. (Eds.), Soil Biochemistry, Volume 6, Marcel Dekker Inc. New York, USA,

Nearing, M.A., 1995. Compressive strength for an aggregated and partially saturated soil. Soil Science Society America Journal 59, 35–38.

Pepper, I.L., Gerba, C.P., Brendecke, J.W., 1995. Environmental microbiology: a laboratory manual. Academic Press Inc. New York, USA.

Power, J.F., Sandoval, F.M., Ries R.E., Merrill, S.D., 1981. Effects of Topsoil and Subsoil Thickness on soil water content and crop production on a disturbed soil. Soil Science Society America Journal 45, 124-129.

Qian, W., Zhao, X.R., Chen, H.W., Tua, D., Lin, Q., 2004. Distribution characteristics of microbial biomass carbon in different soil aggregates in semi-arid area. Scientia Agricultura Sinica 37(10), 1504–1509.

Rezaei, S.A., Gilkes, R.J., 2005.The effects of landscape attributes and plant community on soil physical properties in rangelands. Geoderma 125, 145-154.

Rogers, J.E., Li, S.W., 1985. Effect of heavy metal and other inorganic ions on soil microbial activity: Soil dehydrogenase assay as a simple toxicity test. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 34, 858 – 865.

Rowell, D.L., 1996. Soil Science: methods and applications. Longman, UK.

Ruf, A., Beck, L., Dreher, P., Hund-Rinke, K., Rombke, J., Spelda, J., 2003. A biological classification concept for the assessment of soil quality: biological soil classification scheme (BBSK). Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 98, 263–271.

Ryoichi, D., Senaratne, L.R., 2009. Soil dehydrogenase in a land degradation-rehabilitation gradient: observations from a savanna site with a wet/dry seasonal cycle. Revista De Biologia Tropical 57, 223–234.

Six, J., Bossuyt, H., Degryze, S., Denef, K., 2004. A history of research on the link between (micro)aggregates, soil biota, and soil organic matter Dynamics. Soil and Tillage Research 79, 7–31

Skujins, J., 1973. Dehydrogenase: an indicator of biological activities in arid soils. Bulletins from the Ecological Research Communication (Stockholm) 17, 235–241.

Soil Quality Test Kit Guide, 1999. Soil Quality Test Kit Guide, USDA Agricultural Research Service. National Consevation Service. Soil Quality Institute. Washington D.C, USA.

Tisdall J.M., Oades J.M. 1982. Organic matter and water-stable aggregates in soils. Journal of Soil Science 62, 141–163.

Vekemans, X., Godden, B., Penninckx, M.J., 1989. Factor analysis of the relationships between several physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of some Belgian agricultural soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 21, 53-57.

Visser, S., Parkinson, D., 1992. Soil biological criteria as indicator of sol quality: soil microorganisms. American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 7, 33-37.

Zaman, M., Cameron, K.C., Di, H.J., Inubushi, K., 2002. Changes in mineral N, microbial and enzyme activities in different soil depths after applications of dairy shed effluent and chemical fertilizer. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 63, 275–290.