Eurasian Journal of Soil Science
In Press, Corrected Proof
DOI: 10.18393/ejss.2027.16.1.068.079
(This number will become active after the manuscript has been selected for inclusion in an issue)
Stable URL: https://ejss.fesss.org/manuscript.php?id=4667
Copyright © 2026 The authors and Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies
Ecotoxicity assessment of platinum nanoparticles in a Haplic Chernozem using biological indicators
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of platinum nanoparticles (PtNP) applied at 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mg kg⁻¹ on selected biological properties of a Haplic Chernozem after 10, 30, and 90 days of incubation. PtNP exposure reduced seed germination, root length, total bacterial count, Azotobacter sp. abundance, and catalase and dehydrogenase activities. Transient stimulation of selected biological indicators occurred during the first 10 days of exposure, but Azotobacter sp. abundance showed no such response. No stimulatory response was detected after 30 or 90 days, demonstrating that the biological effects depended on exposure duration. The two lowest PtNP concentrations (0.01 and 0.1 mg kg⁻¹) generally had no effect or caused only minor changes in the biological indicators, whereas higher concentrations significantly impaired the biological properties of the soil. PtNP toxicity was greatest after 30 days. By day 90, the biological properties of the Haplic Chernozem had partially recovered but remained below their respective control values. Phytotoxic endpoints were the most responsive: PtNP reduced radish seed germination and root length by up to 40% and 56%, respectively, relative to the control. In contrast, dehydrogenase activity changed little at most concentrations and exposure periods, with a maximum reduction of 23% relative to the control.
Keywords
Haplic Chernozem, phytotoxicity, platinum nanoparticles, pollution, soil enzymes, soil health.
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Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of platinum nanoparticles (PtNP) applied at 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mg kg⁻¹ on selected biological properties of a Haplic Chernozem after 10, 30, and 90 days of incubation. PtNP exposure reduced seed germination, root length, total bacterial count, Azotobacter sp. abundance, and catalase and dehydrogenase activities. Transient stimulation of selected biological indicators occurred during the first 10 days of exposure, but Azotobacter sp. abundance showed no such response. No stimulatory response was detected after 30 or 90 days, demonstrating that the biological effects depended on exposure duration. The two lowest PtNP concentrations (0.01 and 0.1 mg kg⁻¹) generally had no effect or caused only minor changes in the biological indicators, whereas higher concentrations significantly impaired the biological properties of the soil. PtNP toxicity was greatest after 30 days. By day 90, the biological properties of the Haplic Chernozem had partially recovered but remained below their respective control values. Phytotoxic endpoints were the most responsive: PtNP reduced radish seed germination and root length by up to 40% and 56%, respectively, relative to the control. In contrast, dehydrogenase activity changed little at most concentrations and exposure periods, with a maximum reduction of 23% relative to the control.
Keywords: Haplic Chernozem, phytotoxicity, platinum nanoparticles, pollution, soil enzymes, soil health.
Author contributions: Alena Timoshenko: Visualization, Validation, Supervision, Software, and Resources. Sergey Kolesnikov: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Validation, Funding acquisition, Project administration, and Writing – review and editing. Natalia Evstegneeva: Conceptualization, Validation, and Writing – original draft. Natalia Tsepina: Data curation. Kamil Kazeev: Funding acquisition. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Funding: This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under Project No. FENW-2024-0001.
Data availability statement : The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Declaration of competing interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this article.
Ethics approval: Ethics approval was not required for this study.
Use of artificial intelligence: No AI tool was used for language editing or translation.
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Timoshenko, A., Kolesnikov, S., Evstegneeva, N., Tsepina, N., Kazeev, K., 2026. Ecotoxicity assessment of platinum nanoparticles in a Haplic Chernozem using biological indicators. Eurasian J. Soil Sci. DOI : 10.18393/ejss.2027.16.1.068.079
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CLASSICAL
Timoshenko, A., Kolesnikov, S., Evstegneeva, N., Tsepina, N., Kazeev, K., 2026. Ecotoxicity assessment of platinum nanoparticles in a Haplic Chernozem using biological indicators. Eurasian J. Soil Sci. DOI : 10.18393/ejss.2027.16.1.068.079
APA
Timoshenko, A., Kolesnikov, S., Evstegneeva, N., Tsepina, N., & Kazeev, K. (2026). Ecotoxicity assessment of platinum nanoparticles in a Haplic Chernozem using biological indicators Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, DOI : 10.18393/ejss.2027.16.1.068.079
MLA
Timoshenko, A., Kolesnikov, S., Evstegneeva, N., Tsepina, N., and Kazeev, K. "Ecotoxicity assessment of platinum nanoparticles in a Haplic Chernozem using biological indicators" Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, (2026) DOI : 10.18393/ejss.2027.16.1.068.079
TURABIAN
Timoshenko, A., Kolesnikov, S., Evstegneeva, N., Tsepina, N., and Kazeev, K. "Ecotoxicity assessment of platinum nanoparticles in a Haplic Chernozem using biological indicators" Eurasian Journal of Soil Science, DOI : 10.18393/ejss.2027.16.1.068.079
IEEE
A. Timoshenko., S. Kolesnikov., N. Evstegneeva., N. Tsepina., K. Kazeev. "Ecotoxicity assessment of platinum nanoparticles in a Haplic Chernozem using biological indicators" Eurasian J. Soil Sci., vol. , no. , pp. DOI : 10.18393/ejss.2027.16.1.068.079
ISO690
TIMOSHENKO, Alena ; KOLESNIKOV, Sergey ; EVSTEGNEEVA, Natalia ; TSEPINA, Natalia ; KAZEEV, Kamil Ecotoxicity assessment of platinum nanoparticles in a Haplic Chernozem using biological indicators. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science,.DOI : 10.18393/ejss.2027.16.1.068.079
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Publication Information
- Article first published online: 06 Ekim 2026
- Manuscript Accepted: 15 Eylül 2026
- Manuscript Received: 15 Haziran 2026
- DOI: 10.18393/ejss.2027.16.1.068.079
- Stable URL: https://ejss.fesss.org/manuscript.php?id=4667
