EJSS

Eurasian Journal of Soil Science

Eurasian J Soil Sci

2147 - 4249

Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.580833

10.18393/ejss.580833

Effect of fertilizer, manure and irrigation on nutrient availability in soil of boro rice field

Md. Masfiqur Rahman

Md. Asaduzzaman Khan

Alok Kumar Paul

Md. Ashraful Hoque md.ashraful.hoque03@gmail.com

282 - 288

2018-10-23

2019-06-17

2019-06-21

2019-09-30

The experiment was conducted in the farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to study the effect of various organic manures and inorganic fertilizers with different water management on the nutrient availability of boro rice field. BRRI dhan29 was used as the test crop in this experiment. The experiment consists of 2 factors i.e. Irrigation and fertilizer plus manure. Two levels of irrigations (I1= Continuous flooding and I2= Saturated Condition) were used with 8 levels of fertilizer plus manure, as T0: Control, T1: 100% (N120P25K60S20Zn2) Recommended dose of Fertilizer, T2: 50% NPKSZn + 5 ton cow-dung ha-1, T3: 70% NPKSZn + 3 ton cow-dung ha-1, T4: 50% NPKSZn + 5 ton compost ha-1, T5: 70% NPKSZn+3 ton compost ha-1, T6: 50% NPKSZn + 3.5 ton poultry manure ha-1 and T7: 70% NPKSZn+2.1 ton poultry manure ha-1, with 16 treatment combinations and 3 replications. The pore-water samples were collected and analyzed during rice growing period. The higher concentrations of N, P and K were found in the pore water of T6 (50% NPKSZn + 3.5 ton poultry manure ha-1) and T7 (70% NPKSZn + 2.1 ton poultry manure ha-1) treatments where higher yield were obtained. The higher N, P, K & S concentrations and uptake were observed in the treatments where fertilizer plus manure were applied. The highest concentrations of grain N (1.31%), P (0.272%), K (0.195%) and S (0.091%) were recorded from T5, T3, T7 and T2 treatment respectively and lowest from T0 (Control) treatment.

Boro rice field, Effect of fertilizer, manure, irrigation, nutrient availability in soil.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.580889

10.18393/ejss.580889

Soil moisture adsorption capacity and specific surface area in relation to water vapor pressure in arid and tropical soils

Adelmonem Mohamed Amer amer_abdel@hotmail.com

289 - 297

2018-11-12

2019-06-18

2019-06-24

2019-09-30

This study is devoted to predict water vapour adsorption and hydro-physical properties of arid soils in middle Nile Delta (Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt) and of tropical soils (Felix and INIAP Farms) in Quevedo zone, Los Rios, Ecuador. The vapour pressure and isothermal adsorption of water vapour is used to predict soil moisture adsorption capacity (Wa) and the specific surface area. To achieve these objectives, four soil profiles at different depths were investigated to indicate the status of hydro-physical properties of the studied area. The 1st & 2nd profiles are sandy loam (Felix Farm) and clay loam soils (Shebin El-Kom Farm), and 3rd & 4th are clay soils (INIAP Farm). Data of soil-water adsorption (W%) at different relative vapor pressures P/Po are obtained for the studied soil profiles, where the W% values increased with increasing P/Po from 1.87% to 10.01% in the 1st and 2nd sandy loam and clay loam soil profiles, and reached 27.44% in the 4th clay soil profile. The highest values of water adsorption capacity (Wa) were observed in the clay depths of 60 – 90 cm and 90 – 120 cm (INIAP-soil profiles) while the lowest values were in the subsurface depth (30 – 60 cm) of soil profiles 1st and 2nd. The other hygro-physical properties such as adsorbed layers and maximum hygroscopic water were obtained. The specific surface area (S) in sandy loam 1st&2nd soil profiles is ranged from 113m2/g to 187m2/g and raised to 385m2/g and 553m2/g in the 3rd & 4th clay soil profiles. The corresponded values of the external specific surface area (Se) ranged from 42m2/g to 98m2/g and 74 m2/g to 252 m2/g respectively. Two equations were assumed (1) to predict P/Po at water adsorption capacity (Wa), and (2) to apply Wa in prediction of soil moisture retention i.e., ѱ(W) function at pF < 4.5.

Water adsorption capacity, vapor pressure isotherm, soil hydro-physical properties, specific surface

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.582231

10.18393/ejss.582231

Effects of iron sources and doses on plant growth criteria in soybean seedlings

Füsun Gülser fgulser@yyu.edu.tr

Halil İbrahim Yavuz

Tuğba Hasibe Gökkaya

Murat Sedef

298 - 303

2018-11-10

2019-06-25

2019-09-30

In this study, effects of different iron sources and doses on plant growth criteria in soybean (Glycine max L.) seedlings were investigated. The experiment was conducted according to factorial experimental design with three replications under controlled conditions. Atakişi variety of soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivar was used as a plant material. Three soybean seeds were sown each plastic pot having 1.3 kg soil:sand mixed in 1:1 ratio. Three different Fe sources (FeSO4.7H2O, Fe-EDDHA and nanoFe) were applied to the pots with three different doses (0-15-30 mg Fe kg-1). The experiment was ended after five weeks of seed sowing. Shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weights, root length, root fresh and dry weights and number of compound leaf in soybean seedlings were determined at the end of the experiment. The highest shoot fresh and dry weights, root fresh and dry weights, compound leaf number were determined in 15 mg kg-1 nano Fe applications as 3.56 g, 0.83 g, 2.30 g, 0.33 g and 5, respectively. Increasing the application dose of nano-Fe from 15 to 30 mg kg-1 caused to decrease in fresh and dry weights in soybean seedlings. Generally, shoot growth decreased and root length increased in soybean seedlings by increasing Fe application doses. Seedling growth in soybean generally increased depend on the Fe sources in the following order; FeSO4.7H2O < Fe-EDDHA < nano-Fe.

Soybean, seedling growth, nano Fe, Fe-EDDHA, FeSO4.7H2O.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.585160

10.18393/ejss.585160

Role of soil physicochemical and microbiological properties in the occurrence and severity of chickpea's Fusarium wilt disease

Dahou Moutassem moutassemdahou@gmail.com

Lakhdar Belabid

Yuva Bellik

Noureddine Rouag

Hanane Abed

Siham Ziouche

Faiza Baali

304 - 312

2018-09-10

2019-06-24

2019-07-02

2019-09-30

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relative disease severity of chickpea wilt in the most important chickpea growing areas in North Algeria and their relationship to soils properties. The physicochemical and biological parameters of 14 soils were analyzed and correlated to the disease index severity (Dis). Soil physicochemical factors were determined as a means of particle size distribution, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), CaCO3 content, total Nitrogen (Total-N), Olsen-P and biological factors including Foc inoculum density (ID-Foc), Trichoderma spp propagule number (TrPn), Pseudomonas spp and Bacillus spp. The results revealed that the spread of the disease was evident in all prospected areas and recorded as low to medium with values ranging from 2.05 to3 9.8. The disease severity was positively correlated with EC (r=0.62), Total-N (r= 0.79), and ID-Foc (r=0.72), whereas negatively correlated with Olsen-P (r=-0.67), TrPn (r=-0.70) and Pseudomonas spp (r=-0.89). There was no correlation between Dis and soil physical (clay, loam and sand), chemical (pH, CaCO3 content) and biological factors (Bacillus spp). As well, ID-Foc was positively correlated with Total-N and negatively correlated with Olsen-P. The results indicated that TrPn and Pseudomonas spp were positively correlated, whereas both were negatively associated with ID-Foc and Dis. Our finding pointed out the critical role of some physicochemical and biological soil characteristics in the epidemic development of chickpea wilt under field conditions.

Chickpea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp ciceris, Nitrogen, Olsen-P, Trichoderma spp, Pseudomonas spp.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.589439

10.18393/ejss.589439

Neem leaf and poultry manures soil amendment on growth and yield of Telfairia occidentalis

Norah Godwin Ekanem norahgodwin75@yahoo.com

Leonard Itsede Akpheokhai

313 - 320

2018-10-31

2019-07-07

2019-07-09

2019-09-30

Telfairia occidentalis is a widely used leafy and seed vegetable in West Africa and adequate soil fertility management is essential for its higher productivity. Field experiments were conducted on neem leaf and poultry manures soil amendment to assess the growth and yields of Telfairia occidentalis between 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons. The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design with four replications to include 5 t ha-1 of neem leaf manure (NLM), 5 t ha-1 of poultry manure (PM), 2.5 t ha-1 of neem leaf manure plus 2.5 t ha-1 of poultry manure (NLM+PM) and control. Data collected on vegetative and yield related components were subjected to analysis of variance at p

Fluted pumpkin, organic source, growth characters, yield components.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.598120

10.18393/ejss.598120

Estimation of soil loss by USLE Model using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques - A Case study of Coastal Odisha, India

Ramasamy Srinivasan srinivasan.surya@gmail.com

Surendra Kumar Singh

Dulal Chandra Nayak

Rajendra Hegde

Muniasami Ramesh

321 - 328

2019-01-18

2019-07-25

2019-07-29

2019-09-30

Globally, Soil erosion is the major land degradation problem, which impacts seriously on economic and environmental status. Geospatial techniques support and provided quantitative approach to estimate soil erosion in different conditions. In the present study, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) integrated with GIS has been used to estimate soil loss in the part of coastal Odisha system. The study area, Ganjam block have undulating topography covering 0-35% slopes. The quantitative soil loss was estimated and classified into different classes and soil erosion map was generated. The soil erosion map is classified into seven classes from very slight (80 t ha-1 yr-1). The results indicate that 90.9% (22330 ha) of the study area falls in very low erosion category, which may be due to level topography and regular vegetation cover. The other erosion classes such as moderate, high and very high erosion occurred in the range of 2.12%, 2.23% and 1.49 %, respectively. The high soil erosion risk is spatially situated in the foothills and upper steep slope of the area. The results can certainly aid in implementation of soil management and conservation practices to reduce the soil erosion in the coastal Odisha regions of Eastern India.

Soil erosion risk, land use, Remote sensing, GIS, coastal Odisha.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.599760

10.18393/ejss.599760

Characterization of soil amendment potential of 18 different biochar types produced by slow pyrolysis

Hikmet Günal hikmetgunal@gmail.com

Ömer Bayram

Elif Günal

Halil Erdem

329 - 339

2019-01-11

2019-07-23

2019-08-01

2019-09-30

Feedstock type is the most dominant factor influencing the physical characteristics and chemical composition of biochar. The main purpose of this study was to characterize and compare some of the physical and chemical properties of biochars produced by slow pyrolysis of 18 feedstocks, which are locally available agricultural residues. Moreover, elucidating the potential agronomic benefits of these biochars was the other objective of the study. Biochars were produced at 500 oC in an ingeniously developed reactor. The biochars were characterized for specific surface area (SSA), field capacity (FC), wilting point (WP), plant available water content (AW), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), plant available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) concentrations. Considerable variation of characteristics among biochars indicates the dominant impact of feedstock type on physical properties and chemical composition of biochars. Total C contents were highly variable with values up to 91.9% for pine sawdust. Phosphorus and K in feedstocks were concentrated in the biochars and were two to four times higher in the biochars. The CEC of biochars varied from 79.5 cmol kg-1 (pepper residues) to 5.77 cmol kg-1 (poplar sawdust). The CEC and SSA had a significant negative correlation (P

Agricultural residues, feedstock type, biochar, physical and chemical properties, soil quality

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.608005

10.18393/ejss.608005

Validation of satellite-based soil moisture retrievals from SMAP with in situ observation in the Simineh-Zarrineh (Bokan) Catchment, NW of Iran

Fereydoon Sarmadian

Ali Reza Vaezi

Khaled Haji Maleki khaled.hajimaleki@yahoo.com

Wade T. Crow

340 - 350

2018-10-03

2019-08-01

2019-08-20

2019-09-30

Soil moisture is an influential parameter in land surface hydrology and precise soil moisture data that can help researcher to realize the climate changes and land-atmosphere interactions. A initial struggle for the utilize of soil moisture data from satellite sensors is their reliability. It is important to appraise the dependability of those data before they can be regularly used at a global or local scale. In this study, the satellite soil moisture data was evaluated from the Soil Moisture Active/Passive (SMAP) over Simineh-Zarrineh Catchment in Bokan region, NW of Iran. A total of 287 soil samples as ground-based observations in the time period of 03 April to 03 December 2017 were taken for SMAP data validation. Results showed that the satellite data and in situ observation has a good correlation, with a mean correlation (r) value of 0.63 in total. This correlation level showed that, commonly, the SMAP soil moisture products over Simineh-Zarrineh Catchment (Bokan) have great quality, and it would be valuable for versatile utilization, including monitoring of land surface, weather prediction, modeling of hydrological process, soil loess monitoring, and climate studies. The results reveal that the remotely sensed data demonstrate the good correlation with in situ observation across the dry land with mean correlation (r) values of 0.67 throughout the time period. Particularly, SMAP soil moisture reveal a constant structure for obtain the spatial distribution of surface soil moisture. Additional researches are necessary for well realizing the SMAP data.

Dry land, NDVI, RMSE, Soil water.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.616689

10.18393/ejss.616689

Evaluation of soil fertility in citrus planted areas by geostatistics analysis method

Fulsen Özen fulsen.ozen@ege.edu.tr

351 - 363

2018-11-03

2019-06-20

2019-09-06

2019-09-30

The aim of this study is to map citrus planted areas, which have been detected by traditional methods to date, with a high accuracy method and to reveal the land characteristics and fertility conditions. A database was created for citrus planted areas with the help of high-resolution Worldview 2 satellite images in this study. By creating the digital elevation model, orthorectification of satellite images was made and slope, aspect and elevation characteristics were determined. Using soil maps, maps showing terrain characteristics were produced. 43 soil samples were taken to represent citrus planted areas; geostatistical maps showing their pH, salinity, lime, texture, organic matter, total N, available P; exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, Na, available Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn levels were created and their statistical analyses were performed 2,132.08 ha citrus planted area was found in the study area. The parameters obtained from the digital elevation model (slope, aspect, elevation), the data of the land from the soil maps and the physical properties-macro/micro nutritional contents of the soil produced by the geostatistics method were evaluated together. It was determined that the features in all areas mapped as citrus planted area are quite suitable for citrus production. However, it is thought that Fe and Zn uptake from the soil will decrease due to the fact that the pH level is slightly alkaline and high lime contents. Identifying and sustainable monitoring of citrus production areas, which are very important in terms of economy, accurately, up-to-date, without causing loss of time and labor, will be possible with integrated use of GIS and RS techniques.

Citrus, soil fertility, geostatistics, Worldview 2 satellite imagery.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.616903

10.18393/ejss.616903

Organic-inorganic interactions in an aridisoil of Oman along vertical and lateral trends of the soluble major, trace and rare-earth elements

Khadija Semhi

Norbert Clauer nclauer@unistra.fr

Malik Al Wardy

364 - 377

2019-04-02

2019-07-26

2019-09-11

2019-09-30

Major, trace and rare-earth elements “(REEs)” dissolved by successive water and acetic-acid leaching of soil samples were quantified along a vertical and a lateral trend relative to a reference aridisoil covered by palm trees. The total content of the organic carbon ranges from 0.07 to 2.7% with the highest values in the topsoil closely below vegetation, confirming a higher organic activity. The water-removed elements decrease irregularly with depth and with increasing distance to the vegetated area, the highest concentrations being observed at 20 cm depth and 18 m away from vegetation. The nutrients removed by acetic-acid decrease with depth and until 22 m from vegetation. Maximum leaching was observed in the surface sample and 32 m away from vegetation. In fact, no straight trends were obtained in both the vertical and horizontal samplings; it looks that the elemental contents of each soil layer are only representative for themselves. The metallic trace elements are more abundant in the topsoil than in the subsoil, suggesting some anthropogenic supply. Mainly controlled by solid organic exudates, the REEs are the only ones with general vertical and horizontal trends: they decrease at depth, together with an increase laterally away from vegetation. The Ce and Eu positive anomalies increase deeper below the vegetation and away: an oxidation-reduction change is visible for the former anomaly, probably due to decreasing organic activity. The latter anomaly away from vegetation could reflect a larger contribution of soluble minerals to the leachates.

Lateral and vertical distribution records; vegetated aridisoil; major, trace and rare-earth elements