EJSS

Eurasian Journal of Soil Science

Eurasian J Soil Sci

2147 - 4249

Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.868088

10.18393/ejss.868088

Laboratory assessment of soil respiration rates under the impact of ornithogenic factor in Antarctic region

Ekaterina Chebykina (Maksimova) doublemax@yandex.ru

Ivan Alekseev

Evgeny Abakumov

179-190

2020-10-07

2021-01-15

2021-01-25

2021-07-01

SOM stabilization rates were estimated in the soils of Antarctic region in case of influence of ornithogenic factor. Soils in large penguin clusters, near nests of Stercorarius sp., as well as soils located in geochemically subordinate positions (also often are visited by birds) were found to be characterized by an increased content of carbon and nitrogen with a rather narrow ratio of C/N. The pH values decreased in ornithogenic soils due to the organic acids that produced plants (mosses, Deschampsia antarctica) inhabit these soils and the decomposition products of the organic matter guano. The amount of CO2, in general, released over the entire experiment period is quite large for both ornithogenic and non-ornithogenic soils. CO2 emission rates were the highest in ornithogenic soils. Ornithogenic soils of the studied area are characterized by the most stabilized organic matter. Thus, the avifauna favors and increases the rate of the mineralization process by several times. An acceleration in the organic matter mineralization rate leads to an increase in nutrients amount available to plants, as in the case of the studied soils. The quality of initial SOM is of a great importance in post-ornithogenic environments. Therefore, further researches of CO2 emissions rates are needed to characterize post-ornithogenic dynamics and develop an approach to model this process.

Antarctic region, CO2 emission, mineralization rate, ornithogenic factor, soil respiration.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.880503

10.18393/ejss.880503

Effects of nutrient enriched municipal solid waste compost on soil fertility, crop yield and nutrient content in brinjal

Marufa Sultana

M. Jahiruddin

M. Rafiqul Islam

M. Mazibur Rahman

Md. Anwarul Abedin m.a.abedin@bau.edu.bd

191-198

2020-07-08

2021-02-03

2021-02-15

2021-07-01

Composting is a good option of solid waste recycling, but its use by the farmers is limited because of its low nutrient status. Our study has considered organic amendments to increase nutrient status of MSW compost. We prepared three types of amended compost by mixing 20% mustard oil cake (MOC) and 30% poultry manure (PM) or cowdung (CD) or sugarcane press mud (SPM) with 50% MSW compost. Trichoderma viridi inoculum was used to accelerate the composting process. Different amendments improved the nutrient level of MSW compost. A field experiment was conducted to measure the performances of amended MSW composts alone and with fertilizers on yield and nutrient content of brinjal (Solanum melongena) and soil fertility. The experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University research farm having silt loam texture, 6.7 pH and 2.79% organic matter; the soil was Aeric Haplaquept under the order Inceptisols. There were 10 treatments consisting of chemical fertilizers (urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum & zinc sulphate) and four types of MSW compost (3 enriched and 1 unenriched). The nutrient status of soil had increased due to application of composts. Based on the results of fruit (edible portion) yield and N, P, K and S concentrations of brinjal, and soil nutrient availability, the mixture 50% fertilizers +10 t ha-1 of enriched compost (MSW + MOC + SPM in a ratio of 5:2:3) was found as the best treatment. Results of this study have significant value in fertilizer management strategies for brinjal cultivation in sub-tropical countries.

Brinjal, MSW compost, mustard oil cake, poultry manure, sugarcane press mud.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.880541

10.18393/ejss.880541

Soil properties and performance of celosia (Celosia Argentea) as affected by compost made with Trichoderma asperellum

Adenike Fisayo Komolafe talk2nikeadekunle@yahoo.com

Christianah Olubunmi Kayode

Dorcas Tinuke Ezekiel-Adewoyin

Olufemi Emmanuel AyanfeOluwa

David Ogundeji Ogunleti

Aderemi Isaiah Makinde

199-206

2019-08-02

2021-02-07

2021-02-15

2021-07-01

This study evaluated the effect of two plant materials (Panicum maximum and Tridax procumbens) composted with cow dung, with or without Trichoderma asperellum inoculation on soil properties and yield of celosia in 2014 and 2015. The treatments were tridax-based compost without Trichoderma (TBC), tridax-based compost with Trichoderma (TTBC), panicum-based compost without Trichoderma (PBC), panicum-based compost with Trichoderma (TPBC) and control (no compost). All compost were applied at 240 kgN/ha. The design was RCBD with three replicates and data analyzed using ANOVA at α0.05. Results showed that compost enhanced growth, nutrient uptake and yield of celosia. In 2014, highest fresh weight (57.09 t/ha) was obtained from plant treated with TPBC, which compared favourably with TTBC TTBC (57.00 t/ha) but significantly higher than TBC (43.85 t/ha) and PBC (47.32 t/ha) while control gave the least significant value (20 t/ha). A similar trend was obtained in 2015. This infers that plants that received inoculated compost gave better yield compared to uninoculated compost. Post-cropping soil chemical analysis revealed that compost improved soil N, P, K and organic C. This shows that Trichoderma inoculated compost could be better than the uninoculated compost for celosia production in an Alfisol.

Accelerated compost, Celosia, Soil chemical properties, Trichoderma asperellum.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.880677

10.18393/ejss.880677

Feasibility of sewage sludge application in rice-wheat cropping system

Hanuman Singh Jatav

Satish Kumar Singh

Surendra Singh Jatav

Vishnu D. Rajput rajput.vishnu@gmail.com

Svetlana Sushkova

207-214

2020-10-28

2021-02-08

2021-02-15

2021-07-01

A field experiment was conducted to find out the effect of the conjoint application of sewage sludge (SS) and fertilizers on the yield of rice-wheat cropping system using a randomized block design. The grain yield ranged between 24.99 ± 4.24 to 66.32 ± 2.58 q ha-1 and 22.50 ± 0.55 to 50.37 ± 1.07 q ha-1 in Ist year grown rice and wheat, respectively. Among all the treatments, T3 (100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) + 30 t ha-1 SS) recorded a significantly highest grain yield of rice crop (66.32 and 63.37 q ha-1) and wheat crop (50.37 and 46.91 q ha-1) during 2015-16 and 2016-17 years, respectively. The straw yield in Ist rice and Ist wheat ranged between 55.11 to 81.22 q ha-1 and 35.86 to 56.62 q ha-1, whereas straw yield in IInd rice and IInd wheat were noticed between 48.42 to 79.31 q ha-1 and 30.45 to 52.32 q ha-1, respectively. The finding clearly shows that the application of SS significantly enhances the yield of rice-wheat crops, and could be an option to a sustainable use of SS. However, the precautionary measure should be followed before use. In addition, the application of SS also indicates the improvement in soil health and sustainability.

Heavy metals, nutrient status, microbial community, organic matter, sewage treatment plants.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.888643

10.18393/ejss.888643

Effects of vermicompost applications on Atterberg Limits and workability of soils under different soil moisture contents

Zeynep Demir zdemir06@yahoo.com

215-221

2020-09-21

2021-02-20

2021-03-01

2021-07-01

The present research was conducted to assess the effects of vermicompost (VC) treatments under different soil moisture contents on consistency limits of sandy-clay-loam (SCL) soils in which lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) was cultivated in a greenhouse. Liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL), plasticity index (PI), consistency index (Ic) and clay activity (A) values were investigated. Three different VC doses (0, 2.5 and 5% w/w) were applied at 3 different soil moisture contents (100% FC-field capacity, 50% FC and 25% FC). Experiments were conducted in 3 replications over 27 experimental plots (3×3x3). Increasing LL and PL values were observed with increasing VC doses. The greatest LL (46.6%) and PL (37.7%) values were obtained from the 5% VC treatment under high soil moisture content (100%FC) and the lowest LL (35.0%) and PL (23.0%) were obtained from the control treatment under low soil moisture content (25%FC). LL had significant correlations with VC (0.848**), PL (0.904**), PI (0.565**), Ic (0.668**) and A (0.548**). Ic had significant correlations with VC (0.815**), PL (0.417*) and PI (0.740**). As compared to the control treatments, Ic values increased by 13.0% and 21.9% respectively with 2.5% and 5% VC treatments. Ic values were greater than 0.75. Therefore, it was observed that the sandy-clay-loam soils could be cultivated without any structural deformations at FC or higher moisture contents with vermicompost application. Moisture content upper limits for optimal tillage without any structural destructions were suggested as 26.8%, 34.9% and 36.9% for 0%VC, 2.5%VC and 5%VC treatments, respectively. Present findings indicated that VC treatments extended the range of moisture for workability.

Atterberg Limits, vermicompost, soil water regimes, soil cultivation, sandy-clay-loam soil.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.912986

10.18393/ejss.912986

Spatio analysis of soil quality assessment in semi-arid ecosystem using a minimum data set

İnci Demirağ Turan dmrginci@gmail.com

222-235

2020-10-05

2021-03-30

2021-04-10

2021-07-01

Land degradation especially as a result of the rapid increase in demand and pressure in the population, have emerged as one of the most important problems. Many model approaches, especially regarding land degradation and desertification, have been developed and continue to be developed on the world. The MEDALUS (Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use) which is one of the famous models has been developed for an environment assessment program contributed to by 31 groups and 10 countries in 1999. This model includes the Environmental Sensitive Areas (ESA) index include climate, soil, land use-land cover, and management index. This current study aims to evaluate the soil quality indexes by using the total data set (TDS) and minimum data set (MDS) of the lands in Konya Basin, which is an arid and semiarid terrestrial ecosystem, with MEDALUS approach. The TDS consisted of nine soil quality parameters measured on 1019 samples: pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Organic Matter (OM), texture, CaCO3, depth, parent material, and slope. In addition, Principal components analysis (PCA) was used to determine which parameters were to be selected in the MDS. The MDS parameters consisted of slope, pH, OM, CaCO3. After those process, different interpolation models in order to create spatial distribution maps of parameters and SQI (Soil Quality Index). Results classified 13.59% of the total area has as low, while 84.110% of the study area’ soil indicated area moderate by the SQI in terms of. Accordingly MDS, it was determined that 80.41% of the study area was in the medium-quality category, while only 2.01% was in the high-quality category. In the study area, minimum data set is seen that similar to the soil quality distribution in the total data set.

Soil quality index, principal components analysis, arid-semi arid, Konya basin.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.926759

10.18393/ejss.926759

Assessment of ecotoxicity of the bismuth by biological indicators of soil condition

Tatiana Minnikova

Sergey Kolesnikov

Lyudmila Sudina malusik_07@inbox.ru

Kamil Kazeev

Svetlana Sushkova

Tatiana Minkina

236-242

2020-11-11

2021-04-12

2021-04-23

2021-07-01

The present study was performed for the ecotoxicity assessment of the bismuth (Bi) effect on the biological indicators of soil condition: total number of soil bacteria, catalase activity, dehydrogenases activity and germination of Radish seeds and length of the Radish roots. Three soil types with significantly different resistance ability to heavy metal pollution were studied: Haplic Chernozems Calcic, Haplic Arenosols Eutric and Haplic Cambisols Eutric.Soil contamination of Bi was simulated in the lab (3, 30 and 300 mg kg-1 dry weight). Changes in the biological parameters of the soil were assessed at 10 day treatment. The data obtained showed that the soils contaminated with Bi in South Russia generally characterized by oppression of the biological properties. The total number of bacteria and enzymatic activity (catalase and dehydrogenases) decreased over the Bi contamination. The indicators of phytotoxicity (germination of radish seeds) increase when bismuth 3 and 30 mg kg-1 is added to the soil. The degree of deterioration in biological properties depends on the concentration of Bi in the soil and the period of time after the onset of pollution. Resistance of soil types to Bi pollution can be described by the following decreasing series: Haplic Chernozem Calcic > Haplic Arenosols Eutric > Haplic Cambisols Eutric. The following regional maximum permissible concentrations (rMPC) of Bi have been proposed: Haplic Chernozem Calcic – 8.5 mg kg-1, Haplic Arenosols Eutric – 2.2 mg kg-1 and Haplic Cambisols Eutric – 1.8 mg kg-1.

Biotesting, bismuth, pollution, soil biological properties.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.926813

10.18393/ejss.926813

Assessment of Water Cloud Model based on SAR and optical satellite data for surface soil moisture retrievals over agricultural area

Rida Khellouk rkhellouk@gmail.com

Ahmed Barakat

Aafaf El Jazouli

Hayat Lionboui

Tarik Benabdelouahab

243-250

2020-08-26

2021-04-18

2021-04-23

2021-07-01

Water availability to plants a significant role in agricultural areas, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. This research aimed to evaluate the potential of Water Cloud Model (WCM) for retrieving surface soil moisture, which is associated to water availability, in a semi-arid areas based on the combination between Sentinel-1B SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) and optical Sentinel-2B data. The performance of the applied model was assessed using ground observed soil moisture (0-5 cm). Accuracy evaluation was performed by the cross-validation method (k-fold), it showed a coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.65 and RMSE of 1.45%. The obtained results show a good concordance between retrieved model and ground observed surface soil moisture. In addition, this model was used for the mapping spatio-temporal variation of soil moisture at high spatial resolution in the study areas. This approach could be used by environmentalists and decision-makers as a practical tool for monitoring and estimating the change of surface moisture content.

Remote sensing, Soil moisture, Sentinel-1B, Sentinel-2B, WCM, SAR, agricultural areas.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.926882

10.18393/ejss.926882

Transformation of plant and soil covers of the Botanical nature monument “Pine forest near Venetsiya village” (Russia) as a result of a windfall

Ruslan Suleymanov soils@mail.ru

Mikhail Yakimov

Peter Liebelt

Pavel Shirokikh

Azamat Suleymanov

Evgeny Abakumov

Ilgiza Adelmurzina

Elvera Bakieva

Ilgiz Asylbaev

251-258

2020-10-16

2021-04-18

2021-04-23

2021-07-01

The article presents the results of complex research (research was conducted in 2019) of the Botanical natural monument territory “Pine forest near Venetsiya village” (Russia). In 2007, part of the nature monument territory was destroyed by a hurricane, resulting in massive windfall. The purpose of the research was to study the processes of evolution of natural complexes (vegetation and soil cover) in the areas affected by the hurricane. Classification of vegetation was done according to the Braun-Blanquet and Kopečký and Hejný approaches. NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) was used to estimate the amount of photosynthetically active biomass. Changes in morphological, physical and chemical properties were studied in the soil cover. The conducted research showed that the vegetation of the natural monument is represented by relict pine and broad-leaved pine forests. Under the pine canopy linden and birch are dominated. In the herb layer grow in various combinations of nemoral and boreal species. Soil cover is represented by Gray-humus (Umbric Luvisol). There is a strong transformation of vegetation in the areas damaged by the hurricane in 12 years (2007-2019). There is an active formation of highly productive herbaceous vegetation and renewal of deciduous stands, which leads to an increase in biomass (confirmed by changes in NDVI). The terminal stage of the restoration succession will be the formation of secondary deciduous and mixed nemoral forests. The active development of grass vegetation leads to the formation of a sod horizon on the surface of the soil with a thickness of about 14 cm. There is also an increase in the content of organic carbon, alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen and mobile phosphorus, the value of electrical resistivity increases and acidification of the soil solution.

Pine forest, soil properties, vegetation type, windfall.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.930620

10.18393/ejss.930620

Compressibility behaviour and engineering properties of North Borneo Peat Soil

Habib M. Mohamad habibmusa@ums.edu.my

Adnan Zainorabidin

Baba Musta

M. Nursyahrain Mustafa

Adriana Erica Amaludin

Mohamad Niizar Abdurahman

259-268

2020-10-16

2021-04-24

2021-04-30

2021-07-01

It is known that peat soil is highly compressible. A constituent of peat soil from Klias, Sabah covering a wide range of index properties of fiber contents, specific gravity, organic contents and moisture contents were subjected to one-dimensional consolidation tests. This paper presents the engineering properties and compressibility behavior of sapric type of tropical peat soil. In this role, the high compressibility of Klias peat stands out as a most significant engineering property. With this intention, the purpose of this paper is to provide a simple and analytical means for predicting the consolidation settlement of sapric peat deposit under loading. The rate of primary compression, after a certain time. Increases with the logarithm of time. Loading applied from low stress to high stresses started from 2, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 kPa resulting in high compression index, Cc and ratio, C’c. The Klias peat soil represented sapric type of tropical peat with organic content is 98.43% and lower fiber content which is about 18% of the specimen. Compressibility index Cc, Coefficient of consolidation Cv, and Compression index, Cc, was identified as a crucial component of parameters in determination of settlements behaviour of peat soil. The coefficient of consolidation, Cv, was determined within the range of 1.264 to 12.911 cm2/min and requires special considerations in laboratory testing procedures and interpretation of results.

One-dimensional, peat, soil, settlement, behaviour, coefficient of consolidation.