EJSS

Eurasian Journal of Soil Science

Eurasian J Soil Sci

2147 - 4249

Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.1198190

10.18393/ejss.1198190

Yield response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to elevated potassium applied under the irrigated ecosystem of Bangladesh

Md Zakir Hossain

Md Mahfuzur Rahman mmahfuz.edu.bd@gmail.com

Md Niaz Morshed

Md Eftekhar Uddin

Md Hasibur Rahaman Hera

Naznin Sultana

Md Abul Hashem

104 - 110

2022-03-11

2022-10-25

2022-11-02

2023-04-01

A field experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University farm, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, during the Boro season, 2017 with six different K fertilizer rates: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg ha-1 to determine the optimum rate of potassium (K) fertilization for the improved yield of a specific rice variety in the irrigated ecosystem under floodplain area. Compared with no K fertilizer, adding K increased the rice grain and straw yields significantly, with all other yield contributing components, except 1000-grain weight. The highest yield of grain (7.07 ton ha-1) and straw (8.48 ton ha-1) were recorded in recommended fertilizer dose (RFD) of NPS + 50kg K treatment, which were statistically identical with RFD of NPS + 40 kg K. Rice grain and straw yields due to the different treatments increased by 18.65% to 53.74% and 18.67% to 53.78%, respectively over control. K content and uptake through grain and straw were significantly influenced by applying different levels of K. These results specified that the use of 40 kg K ha-1 had better performance on the grain and straw yields. Therefore, we conclude that the application of 40 kg K ha-1 along with the RFD of NPS for BRRI dhan29 cultivation is the best option for higher yield in Old Brahmaputra Floodplain soil.

Boro rice, floodplain, irrigated ecosystem, potassium, yield.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.1204543

10.18393/ejss.1204543

Optimum wheat productivity under integrated plant nutrient management is associated with improved root system and high nutrient efficiency

Muhammad Irfan irfan1513_uaf@yahoo.com

Javaid Ahmed Shah

Muhammad Abbas

Muhammad Ahmed Akram

Nizamuddin Depar

111 - 121

2022-05-28

2022-11-04

2022-11-15

2023-04-01

Depleting soil fertility and low fertilizer efficiency in alkaline calcareous soils are serious issues worldwide creating an immediate threat to environment and food security. Integrated nutrient management (INM) can be a promising eco-friendly strategy for improving crop performance and resource efficiency to resolve these concerns. A field study was conducted to investigate the integrated effect of organic sources [farm yard manure (FYM) @ 10 tons ha-1 and press mud (PM) @ 5 tons ha-1] along with various NPK rates [100, 75, 50% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF)] on root system, nutrient efficiency, and yield of wheat cultivar Kiran-95. Longest roots were measured in FYM + RDF50 while highest surface area and number of root tips were recorded in PM + RDF50 than RDF alone. However, maximum root volume and average root diameter was observed in PM + RDF100 and PM + RDF75, respectively compared with RDF only. PM + RDF100 considerably enhanced grain yield and related traits i.e., spike length, tillers count m-2 and 100-grain weight as compared to RDF only. Integration of PM and 100% RDF showed higher NPK uptake, than RDF alone. Recovery efficiency (RE) of NPK was calculated higher at lower fertilizer rates and vice versa. The sole application of RDF100 showed least RE of NPK whilst PM + RDF50 revealed higher RE of NPK. The results suggested that INM could be a sustainable approach to enhance wheat productivity and nutrient efficiency in alkaline calcareous soils. In addition, PM along with RDF100 NPK fertilizers proved superior in improving root traits and nutrient accumulation thereby increasing wheat grain yield.

Farm yard manure, nutrient substitution, press mud, root traits, wheat.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.1211180

10.18393/ejss.1211180

The effects of feeding with organic waste by terrestrial isopod Philoscia Muscorum on enzyme activities in an incubated soil

Sholpan S. Muminova

Gulsun Bayadilova bayadilova.gulsun@bk.ru

Oryngul Mukhametzhanova

Saule M. Seilgazina

Roza Zhumabayeva

Gulnissam Rvaidarova

122 - 126

2022-04-21

2022-11-25

2022-11-28

2023-04-01

Soil fauna are important biological factors that affect litter decomposition and play an important role in the release of nutrients and improve soil enzyme activities. This study focused on the effects of isopods on enzymatic activities of soil. Lab experiments were conducted to assess the influence of terrestrial isopod Philoscia Muscorum on enzyme activities during the incubation.In Lab experimental food sources from wheat straw were prepared. Dehydrogenase, urease, alkaline phosphatase and arylsulphatase activity in soil treated with different number of isopods with wheat straw were determined in 28 days incubation. Results showed that the presence of isopods significantly increased (P<0.05) enzymatic activities of soil except arylsulphatase compared with the control treatment. The findings demonstrate that the isopods could accelerate litter decomposition and improve soil dehydrogenase, urease and alkaline phosphatase activities in soil. This work provides evidence demonstrating that soil fauna can improve soil enzyme activity by promoting wheat straw decomposition.

Isopod, dehydrogenase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase, soil.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.1212167

10.18393/ejss.1212167

Micromorphological soil assessment in abandoned quarry dumps of the Central Caucasus, Russia

Rustam Tembotov tembotov.rustam@mail.ru

Evgeny Abakumov

Xiaowen Ji

127 - 140

2022-03-22

2022-11-29

2022-11-30

2023-04-01

This study compared the micromorphological and agrochemical metrics in soils from the quarry dumps and zonal soils, the Central Caucasus. Soil micromorphological investigations are important tool for evaluation of soil dynamics after anthropogenic impacts on terrestrial ecosystems. The results showed that the carbon content in the primary soil of the sand and gravel quarries was lower than that in the reference soil. The differences detected were statistically significant for both the Urvan plot soils (t = 11.95; p = 0.000) and the Progress plot soils (t = 18.73; p = 0.000). In contrast, in the quarry with clay bottom substrate (Gerpegezh), no significant difference was found between the reference and postmine soils. The reference soil around the sand and gravel quarries was slightly more acidic than the primary soil. In the clay quarry, the primary soil was more acidic with a strong acidic value, while the reference soil was neutral. The difference of nutrients (P, K, NH4+, NO3-) between the primary and reference soils were negligible. The only exception was the NO3- content in the reference soil of Progress settlement, where it was significantly higher (t = 4.19; p = 0.002) than in the original soil of the site. No difference was observed for the mineral component of the primary soil. Investigation of key zonal soils of the region. Zonal Caucasus soils: Phaeozem Gleiyc, Phaeozem and Umbric Retisol are different in terms of micro texture. Thus, Phaeozem Gleiyc characterizes by microstructure composed by primary angular mineral forms. Phaeozem and Retisol demonstrated formation of biogenic structure with alteration of mineral particles. Data obtained show that rapid self revegetation of the quarries results in initialization of primary soil formation and transformation of the soil microstructure and organization on the micro level.

Central Caucasus, primary soil, soil micromorphological feature, quarry dumps, zonal soil.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.1212444

10.18393/ejss.1212444

The determination of grain yield, yield components, and macro nutrient content of corn (Zea Mays L.) by different agricultural practices

Melis Çerçioğlu melis.cercioglu@ikc.edu.tr

141 - 150

2022-06-30

2022-11-29

2022-12-01

2023-04-01

A field experiment was conducted to determine the impacts of some treatments on grain yield, yield components (cob length, cob diameter, grain weight), and macro nutrient content of corn (Zea mays L.). During the study, tobacco waste compost (50 t ha-1), poultry manure (4 t ha-1), bio-humus (10 t ha-1) and NPK (0.3 t ha-1) were applied. The experiment was established with a randomized complete block design with four replications in Izmir, Türkiye. According to the two years average values; cob length varied from 18.84 to 22.35 cm, cob diameter from 4.38 to 5.05 cm, grain weight from 1704 to 2529 g, grain yield from 14.48 to 19.88 t ha-1 by the treatments. The greatest average yield values were obtained under tobacco waste compost (19.88 t ha-1) and poultry manure (19.64 t ha-1) plots over the control. All yield components were significantly affected the treatments. Macro nutrient contents of corn grain were found statistically significant by the treatments as compared with control. Total N, P, K, Ca, and Mg content of grain varied between 1.25-1.64%, 0.044-0.087%, 2103-3559 ppm, 25.83-571.88 ppm, 127.57-469.93 ppm, respectively. As a conclusion, all treatments increased the yield components and macro nutrient content of corn with similar effects; on the other hand, poultry manure and tobacco waste compost were the most effective materials on all parameters. Moreover, the positive and significant correlations were found among first and second year parameters.

Bio-humus, corn, NPK, poultry manure, tobacco waste compost, yield.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.1214692

10.18393/ejss.1214692

Characterization of arid soil quality: Physical and chemical parameters

Altana Adyanova

Aleksey Buluktaev

Raisa Mukabenova

Saglara Mandzhieva msaglara@mail.ru

Vishnu Rajput

Vasiliy Sayanov

Nikita Djimbeev

Svetlana Sushkova

151 - 158

2022-05-28

2022-11-26

2022-12-05

2023-04-01

Land degradation especially as a result of the rapid increase in demand and pressure in the population, have emerged as one of the most important problems. Degradation leads to the loss of biological and economic productivity due to the fact that the soil loses its functional properties, which are one of the most important elements of the terrestrial ecosystem. Combined with excessive biophysical and socio-economic damage in arid areas, land degradation causes irreversible consequences leading to desertification. Thus, land degradation is an environmental threat not only on a local or regional scale, but also on a continental or even global scale. The change in the state of soils as a result of anthropogenic impact and climatic changes determines the relevance of conducting a study of the soils of the Republic of Kalmykia. Endosalic Calcisols of sandy loam and sandy granulometric composition predominate in the structure of the soil cover of the southern part of the Caspian lowland, significant areas are occupied by sands. More than 70% of agricultural land is subject to wind erosion. Salt marshes are widely distributed.

Caspian lowland, arid soil, organic carbon, soil acidity, heavy metals

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.1219669

10.18393/ejss.1219669

Soil properties and growth of yellow bell pepper (Capsicum annum) as influenced by compost and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Tolulope Yetunde Akande tolulopeakande50@gmail.com

Kehinde Olajide Erinle

Tope Daniel Bitire

159 - 168

2021-12-07

2022-12-06

2022-12-15

2023-04-01

Compost is an inexpensive agricultural waste which improves soil health and quality. The experiment was carried out to assess the influence of compost and mycorrhizal inoculation (Glomus mosseae) on soil properties and growth of yellow bell pepper in pots under screen house conditions, in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The treatments included mycorrhizal inoculation only (C0M1), compost at 20 t ha-1 only (C1M0), compost at 30 t ha-1 only (C2M0), compost and mycorrhizal inoculation at 20 t ha-1 (C1M1), compost and mycorrhizal inoculation at 30 t ha-1 (C2M1) and control (no amendment / uninoculated). Compost and mycorrhizal inoculation (C1M1 and C2M1) significantly improved soil N, P and K compared to control. Inoculation with mycorrhizal only (C0M1) increased uptake of N, P, K, Ca and Mg compared to uninoculated. Co-utilization of compost and mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased root and shoot dry biomass compared to uninoculated. The highest fruit yield was obtained at C2M1 followed by C1M1 in comparison to compost application only. Treatment C2M1 recorded the highest prevalence of percent root colonization. This suggests that compost and Glomus mossea could be considered to have a sustainable potential for better growth and yield performance in the production of yellow bell pepper in an Alfisol.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, compost, nutrient uptake, soil fertility, soil nutrient.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.1228255

10.18393/ejss.1228255

The effects of ammonium phosphate fertilization on yield and yield components of Mustard varieties in chernozem soil

Bibigul Khamzina

Berdibek Bulashev

Yerbol Nurmanov nur.erbol@inbox.ru

Tamara Tultabayeva

Nurgul Nurmukhanbetova

Dana Toimbayeva

Ayazhan Igimbay

Gulnar Myrzabayeva

169 - 176

2022-04-12

2022-12-25

2023-01-02

2023-04-01

Mustard seed is primarily used in the food or condiment industries in the form of either ground seeds or oil, and plays a significant role in agriculture. Especially in the intensive agricultural system where chemical fertilizers are used, little is known the impact of ammonium phosphate (Ammophos, 12% N, 52% P2O5) fertilizer applications on the yield and yield component of mustard under chernozem soil conditions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of seven doses of ammonium phosphate fertilizer applications on the seed yield and yield components of two different mustard varieties [Rushen (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) and Profi (Sinapis alba L.)] under chernozem soil conditions in Northern Kazakhstan. According to field experiment results, there were significant differences among the treatments in relation to yield and yield components (oil content, dry matter accumulation, NPK uptake, NPK contents in seeds) of mustard varieties. The higher seed yield for the N34.6 P150 treatment in Rushen and N41.5 P180 treatment in Profi than for any of the other rates of ammonium phosphate fertilizer application under the agro-ecological conditions of Akmola region, Northern Kazakhstan.

Mustard, chernozem soil, nutrients, fertilizer, ammonium phosphate.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.1243497

10.18393/ejss.1243497

Variability of major soil properties of a fallow-acidic-level upland with high and multiple spatial resolutions

Mahmuda Begum

Md. Shahadat Hossain mshossain.sau@gmail.com

Md. Abdul Aziz

Md. Abdur Razzak Choudhury

Israt Jahan

177 - 189

2022-07-05

2023-01-18

2023-01-27

2023-04-01

Variation of the soil attributes of a land in an area is dependent on topography, time, climate, parent material, land use land cover, land management, distance and scale. This variation affects the representation of soil of a land in an area. The study aimed to assess the variations in the representation of major soil properties of a unique fallow-acidic-undisturbed-level upland in different spatial resolutions of soil sampling. A fallow and level upland of 1500 m2 as separately gridded with the spacing of 5mx5m, 10mx10m and 15mx15m and geo-referenced surface (0-20 cm) soil samples were collected from the corner of each grid. The collected soil samples were analyzed for texture (Tx), organic carbon (OC), pH, total N (TN), available P (AP), exchangeable K (exch K), available S (AS), available Fe (AFe), available Zn (AZn) and available Mn (AMn) in soil. Statistical and geospatial analyses of the dataset were done with the relevant softwares. For the nutrients TN, AP, AZn and AFe, coefficients of variation (CV) showed a trend of increment across high-medium-low spatial resolutions, and their variability ranked as AZn (mean CV=104.03%, great variation)>AFe (mean CV=41.67%, moderate variation)>AP (mean CV=20.32%, moderate variation)>TN (mean CV=4.92%, low variation) based on average CV of three spatial resolutions of sampling. In case of other soil attributes, no particular trend of increment or decrement was observed across the resolutions and their variability was moderate except for pH which had low variability. Their variability ordered as exch K (mean CV=35.17%)>AS (mean CV=34.98%)>SOC (mean CV=31.71%)>Tx (mean CV=31.17%)>AMn (mean CV=30.10%)>Soil pH (mean CV=6.96%). Rationale correlations were observed between some soil attributes (pH vs AZ, AFe, OC; Tx vs TN, AP; Exch K vs AZn vs AFe; OC vs Exch K, AZn, AFe) with different degrees of associations (r), and increased trend in r value was found across the resolutions of high-medium-low except for pH and Tx. Different spatially gradient structures of the ordinary krigged interpolated maps were observed for different soil properties and for different spatial resolutions. Quantitatively, calculated (from semivariograms) nugget effects of 0-100% indicated that spatial dependency of studied soil properties could be very strong to very weak. The heterogeneity of soil in the upland as revealed by our results would assist scientists or farm managers to use or compare scale-dependent soil data wisely and precisely.

Geospatial, soil attributes, correlation, heterogeneity, map.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.1244373

10.18393/ejss.1244373

Assessment of land use land cover dynamics and its impact on springs water in Ritung Khola Sub-Watershed, Myagdi district, Nepal

Sachin Timilsina sachintimilsina66@gmail.com

Saurav Shrestha

Shankar Tripathi

Rajeev Bhattarai

Shambhu Kumar Mishra

Raju Raj Regmi

Diwakar Paudel

Mahamad Sayab Miya

190 - 204

2022-09-10

2023-01-20

2023-01-30

2023-04-01

Land Use Land Cover (LULC) Change has emerged as a significant environmental issue and a worry for the sustainable use of natural resources. This study was performed to determine the rate in change of land cover and its significant impact on springs water in the Ritung Khola sub-watershed of Myagdi district, Nepal, between 2010 and 2020. This study analyzes LULC dynamics and it’s impact on springs water using satellite imageries (Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS) and focus group discussions with the inhabitants. We used Supervised Maximum Likelihood Classification algorithm to classify attributes of the LULC changes. The results demonstrated a significant change in LULC during those ten years (2010-2020). The area covered by agricultural land and human settlements significantly increased by 313.54% and 367.14%, respectively. On the contrary, barren land, water bodies and forest cover have been reduced by 37.52%, 13.16% and 5.26%, respectively. The number of active springs followed decreasing trend as many of them were completely displaced or dried due to erosions and frequent landslides. The findings from this study are expected to facilitate the planning process adopted to prevent springs under the threat of extension and mitigate the water scarcity problem.

Landsat, land cover, land use, springs, watershed, water bodies.