EJSS

Eurasian Journal of Soil Science

Eurasian J Soil Sci

2147 - 4249

Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.468100

10.18393/ejss.468100

Biochar and clinoptilolite zeolite on selected chemical properties of soil cultivated with maize (Zea mays L.)

Siti Wardah Zaidun

Mohamadu Boyie Jalloh mbjalloh@ums.edu.my

Azwan Awang

Lum Mok Sam

Normah Awang Besar

Baba Musta

Osumanu Haruna Ahmed

Latifah Omar latifahomar@upm.edu.my

1 - 10

2018-01-26

2018-09-26

2018-10-07

2019-01-09

Increase in cost of chemical fertilizers encourages the use of soil amendments such as biochar and zeolites to improve soil fertility. In this study, biochar produced from empty fruit bunch-palm oil mill effluent (EFB-POME) and clinoptilolite zeolite were used as soil amendments to improve soil fertility. The field experiment was carried out for two planting cycles to determine the effects of different rates of EFB POME biochar (0, 10, and 20 t ha-1), clinoptilolite zeolite (0, 1.25, and 2.5 t ha-1), and urea (60 and 120 kg ha-1) on selected soil chemical properties of Tanjung Lipat (Typic Paleudults). Biochar produced from EFB-POME increase soil total N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. The higher soil total N, P, K, Ca, and Mg could be related to the increase in soil pH, cation exchange capacity, and total organic carbon in soil with EFB-POME biochar but not with clinoptilolite zeolite. Thus, EFB-POME biochar was more suitable to be used in a tropical soil (Typic Paleudults) compared to clinoptilolite zeolite for improving the selected soil pH, CEC, TOC and available P, K, Ca and Mg.

Biochar, clinoptilolite zeolite, EFB-POME, tropical acid soil, agriculture waste.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.477560

10.18393/ejss.477560

Study on pH in water and potassium chloride for Bulgarian soils

Alexander N. Sadovski bsc.ieas@yahoo.com

11 - 16

2018-01-26

2018-09-26

2018-11-09

2019-01-09

Soil pH is commonly measured in water pH(H2O) or pH(KCl). The relationship between pH(H2O) and pH(KCl) across all Bulgarian soils were investigated and results examining the effect of soil type on the relationship were presented. Several functions were used to estimate dependence between the two measures. For all soils and depths, a linear regression accounted for 95.32% of the variation, which predicts pH(KCl) very well. From the analysis of data follows that they were differentiated into three clusters.

Soil pH, soil database, cluster analysis

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.484654

10.18393/ejss.484654

Interactive effect of phosphorus and boron on plant growth, nutrient accumulation and grain yield of wheat grown on calcareous soil

Muhammad Irfan irfan1513_uaf@yahoo.com

Muhammad Abbas

Javaid Ahmed Shah

Nizamuddin Depar

Muhammad Yousuf Memon

Niaz Ali Sial

17 - 26

2018-05-17

2018-11-13

2018-11-18

2019-01-09

Most of the arable soils in Pakistan are deficient in plant available phosphorus (P) and boron (B) primarily due to alkaline and calcareous nature along with low organic matter. A combined deficiency of these nutrients may intensify the plant growth suppression by reducing their efficient utilization. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the interactive effect of P and B on growth, nutrient accumulation and grain yield of wheat grown on calcareous soil. Wheat crop was grown at three P levels (45, 90 and 135 kg P ha-1) in combination with five B levels (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg B ha-1) following completely randomized design. The results revealed that yield and yield related attributes increased linearly with the addition of B at each P level. Nonetheless, the significant interactive effect of both nutrients was most pronounced in the treatment having 90 kg P ha-1 and 1.5 kg B ha-1. Applied B rates resulted in relatively higher P concentration in grains and straw at P level of 90 kg ha-1 contrarily to 45 and 135 kg P ha-1. The B concentration in grains and straw increased with corresponding addition of B at each P level but at variable rate, with the maximum response at higher P level. Grain and straw yield illustrated positive correlation with total P uptake (R2 = 0.96 and 0.81) and total B uptake (R2 = 0.95 and 0.70) respectively. Likewise, positive correlation (R2 = 0.94) between total P uptake and total B uptake under combined application of P and B indicated their synergistic relationship. Overall, the treatment combination of 90 kg P ha-1 with 1.5 kg B ha-1 was found as the most suitable dose for better plant growth, nutrient accumulation and grain yield of wheat.

Boron nutrition, grain yield, nutrient interaction, synergism, wheat.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.485939

10.18393/ejss.485939

Assessment of the potential mobility of copper in contaminated soil samples by column leaching test

Belabbes Kandsi

Karim Benhabib

Goussem Mimanne

Mebarka Djellouli mebarkad@yahoo.fr

Safia Taleb

27 - 34

2018-06-02

2018-11-13

2018-11-21

2019-01-09

Column leaching tests become methodology important for assessing the risk of release of pollutants from soil into groundwater. In this present study column leaching test were applied on soil samples taken directly in the vicinity of Kenadsa coking plant (Algeria) in order to evaluate the mobility of copper and their potential environmental risks. These samples have been lixiviated in laboratory column in water-saturated condition at room temperature. All leachates have been collected by fraction and analyzed from copper and dissolved organic carbon. The percentages leached in column with water are very low (< 1%). The concentrations of copper in the resulting leachates do not present a toxicological hazard. The effect of dissolved organic carbon on copper leaching was also investigated in this study; the results of column leaching showed that the mobility of copper in these contaminated soil samples is associated with the mobility of dissolved organic carbon.

Contaminated soil, copper, column experiment, dissolved organic carbon.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.486582

10.18393/ejss.486582

Spatial variability of soil organic carbon density under different land covers and soil types in a sub-humid terrestrial ecosystem

Orhan Dengiz odengiz@omu.edu.tr

Fikret Saygın

Ali İmamoğlu

35 - 43

2018-04-01

2018-11-14

2018-11-22

2019-01-09

The main objectives of the current study are i) to estimate SOC in different soil depths and to generate their spatial distribution maps, ii) to assess relationship between variation of different soil types and SOC density, iii) to determine effects of land cover types on SOC in Inebolu Watershed located in sub-humid terrestrial ecosystem. In order to determine land cover types of the study area, aster satellite image was used and five main land cover types that are bare land, sparsely vegetated area, broadleaved forest area, mixed forest area and needleleaved forest area were classified. Results indicated that soil types and land cover were two crucial influencing factors for spatial variation of SOC density. It was determined that SOC density of soil types, Vertic Haplustept (12.93 kg.m-2) was significantly higher than other soil subgroups. In this case, it can be said that main reasons of this result are indicated as soil profile depth and pedological development. In addition, when comparing the two main factors, land cover explained more of the SOC density variability and was the main controlling factor in the surface; in the subsurface, not only land cover types but also some properties of soil types such as texture, genetic horizons, soil depth have an important role on SOC density. On the other hand, it can be conclude that the combination of the soil type and land cover was a dramatically better predictor of SOC density.

Land use effect on soil, soil organic carbon, soil classification, soil mapping.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.492466

10.18393/ejss.492466

Soil organic carbon mapping and prediction based on depth intervals using kriging technique: A case of study in alluvial soil from Sudan

Magboul M. Sulieman magboul@uofk.edu

Abdallah M. AlGarni

44 - 53

2018-04-19

2018-11-27

2018-12-05

2019-01-09

Soil organic carbon plays a vital role in the arid and semiarid regions. This study aimed to predict and map soil organic carbon content at soil depth intervals of 0-0.3 m, 0.3-0.6 m, 0.6-0.9 m, and 0.9-1.2 m in alluvium soils along Blue Nile and River Nile, Sudan. Ordinary kriging (OK) technique was used as a geostatistical tool and applied to model the spatial variability of soil organic carbon in the study area. A total of 38 soil profiles were excavated in the study area and 152 samples from the four depths intervals were collected for determining organic carbon content. Results revealed that, the spatial autocorrelation for the different soil layers was moderate to weak with a nugget to sill ratios ranging from 0.21 to 0.86 suggesting their controlled by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The root mean square error standardized (RMSE) of the predictions ranging from 0.79 to 0.83 indicating that the model which generated by ordinary kriging was correctly estimating the variability of soil organic carbon in the study area.

Alluvial soil, spatial autocorrelation, semivariogram, soil organic carbon, Cokriging, soil depth in

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.498039

10.18393/ejss.498039

Does anthropogenic phosphorus input reduce soil microbial resource allocation to acquire nitrogen relative to carbon?

Taiki Mori taikimori7@gmail.com

Ryota Aoyagi

54 - 59

2018-03-01

2018-12-10

2018-12-16

2019-01-09

We aimed to test if anthropogenic P input into ecosystems reduces microbial resource allocation to acquire N (and alleviate N shortage if any) because microbes no longer produce N-rich phosphatase for P acquisition. Literatures reporting the effect of P fertilization on C-acquiring (β-1,4-glucosidase, BG) and N-acquiring (β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase, NAG, which also acquires C) enzymes were collected and synthesized. We predicted that P addition elevates BG:NAG especially in P-poor ecosystems because P addition alleviates N shortage and reduces the microbial resource allocation to acquire N relative to C. The synthesized data demonstrated that P fertilization occasionally reduced BG:NAG, which is inconsistent with the prediction. However, this might not mean that the initial hypothesis was rejected. Stimulated microbial activity and turnover by P fertilization could have caused microbes depend the C sources more on chitin (and peptidoglycan) compared with on cellulose because chitin (and peptidoglycan) is a main component of microbial body and re-provided through microbial turnover. The changes in C resources accompanied by the altered P availability may have largely influenced BG:NAG, masking the role of BG:NAG for indicating microbial resource allocation to C and N acquisitions.

β-1,4-glucosidase (BG), β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), ecoenzymatic stoichiometry, phosphatas

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.499122

10.18393/ejss.499122

Chemical weathering indices applied to soils developed on old lake sediments in a semi-arid region of Turkey

Tülay Tunçay

Orhan Dengiz odengiz@omu.edu.tr

Ilhami Bayramin

Seref Kilic

Oguz Baskan

60 - 72

2018-03-18

2018-12-11

2018-12-18

2019-01-09

Climate is a major influence on weathering processes affecting soil parent materials. Important contributors to soil formation in arid and semi-arid climatic zones are the diurnal cycles of solar heating and cooling that cause mechanical or physical disintegration of rock or parent materials, and wind-blown sands that score and abrade exposed rock surfaces. By using the Soil Taxonomy classification system, the initial aim of this study was to carry out a pedological evaluation for four soil profiles, classified as Xeric Haplocalcid and Xeric Haplocambid, formed on different parent materials (limestone, marl and old alluvial deposits) under the same conditions, including topography and vegetation, in a semiarid region. The second stage was the exploration of the similarities and differences in the classifications resulting from either the pedogenic processes, or from other factors, by determining the degree of soil weathering using geochemical data. To achieve this, soil samples were collected from the horizons to investigate their mineralogical, geochemical and physiochemical properties. The study also considered other features, such as the pedogenic evolution of soils, through the use of weathering indices, namely the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA), Chemical Index of Weathering (CIW), Base/R2O3 Ratio, Weathering Index of Parker (WIP) and Plagioclase Index of Alteration (PIA). The results clearly showed that soil development at the Altınova State Farm at Konya in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey is due to slow pr ogressive weathering. For this case, the main indicators are secondary calcium carbonate illuviation and weak structural development with a weathering ratio of silicon to aluminium greater than two in all profiles.

Alteration index, geochemical evolution, soil formation, dry region.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.509405

10.18393/ejss.509405

Suitability evaluation of some peri-urban soils for rainfed arable crop production in Lagos State, Southwestern Nigeria

Julius Romiluyi Orimoloye juliusorimoloye@gmail.com

Oluwatosin Abimbola Egbinola

73 - 82

2018-05-17

2018-12-31

2019-01-07

2019-01-09

A study was carried out to evaluate the suitability of some Peri-urban soils in Lagos state for arable crop production. Six pedons classified as Alagba (Rhodic Hapludult), Dodokindo (Plinthic Kandiudult), Idesan (Typic Endoaquept), Owode (Typic Kandiudult), Atan (Fluvaquentic Endoaquept) and Pakoto (Plinthic Kandiudult) Series identified at two study sites located at Igbokuta and Ibomwon communities in Ikorodu and Epe Local Government Areas of Lagos state were evaluated. The land use potentials for maize, cassava and leafy vegetables (Amaranth family) were assessed following the conventional non-parametric and the parametric (square root) methods of land suitability evaluation according to the revised FAO framework. All the pedons were rated as marginally suitable (S3) for maize except Idesan and Owode Series that made up 2.53% and 34.74% of the total area respectively, which were rated moderately suitable (S2). With respect to cassava and leafy vegetables, all the pedons were rated marginally suitable (S3) except Atan Series occupying 19.71 % of the total area, that was rated non-suitable (N1). The major limitations to sustainable crop production in all pedons were low nutrient supply (N, K, P and cations) coupled with high soil acidity (pH of between 3.9 and 5.8). In addition to this, Idesan and Atan series also have waterlogging problem hence may not be used for cultivating the afore-mentioned crops, but could be used for swamp rice. With appropriate liming, soil fertility management and proper drainage, most of the pedons may be rated as being moderately suitable (S2) for the cultivation of these crops. As a peri-urban area with high demand for agricultural products, year-round cropping with irrigation facilities is quite promising in most of the pedons studied.

Land Evaluation, soil characteristics, peri-urban agriculture, land use.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.510686

10.18393/ejss.510686

Impact of Resource Conserving Technologies (RCT) on soil physical properties and rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) yield in irrigated agriculture areas of the South-Eastern Kazakhstan

Naziya Suleimenova naziya44@gmail.com

Baglan Makhamedova

Gulnar Orynbasarova

Dastan Kalykov

Zhainagul Yertayeva

83 - 93

2018-04-18

2019-01-05

2019-01-09

The aim of this resarch was to determine the effects of Resource Conserving Technologies (RCT) system and Conventional Tillage (CT) on soil physical properties and Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) yield in irrigated agriculture areas of the South-Eastern Kazakhstan. The experimental study was conducted according to a radomized block design with three replications between 2015 and 2018. The CT system had maximum anthropogenic effect and caused loosening of arable soil layer, had the lowest bulk density values (1.19 -1.21 g/cm3). The CT had a bulk density ranged between 1.13 and 1.30 g/cm3. With a RCT tillage, the bulk density during the growing season of rape was located in optimal density zone between 1.20 and 1.22 g/cm3. The RCT of rapeseed provided the greatest efficiency, where the yield of rapeseed increased by 13.3% and 22.0%. It has been revealed that with RCT of rapeseed cultivation, minimum technology (Mini-till) ensures sustainability of soil environment and its ecological condition, improves structure and raises water resistance of agroecosystem’s soil aggregate. In turn the structure of soil’s arable layer stabilizes with optimal soil density, which contributes to normal growth and development of rapeseed. It is proved that minimal technology of tillage is the leading agricultural practice ensuring preservation and improvement of qualitative and quantitative indicators of soil resource and productivity of oilseed rape.

Conservation tillage, agrophysical factors, fertility, yield.