EJSS

Eurasian Journal of Soil Science

Eurasian J Soil Sci

2147 - 4249

Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.327469

10.18393/ejss.327469

Comparison of two different ophiolite districts in terms of some soil physical properties of grounds

Tuğrul Yakupoğlu tugrul.yakupoglu@bozok.edu.tr

Tamer Rızaoğlu

Turgay Dindaroğlu

Sertan Sesveren

Zekeriya Kara

Recep Gündoğan

1 - 8

2017-01-16

2017-06-30

2017-07-09

2018-01-01

In this study, some physical characteristics of the soils formed on the metamorphic sole and the mantle section of the ophiolitic sequence which is represented by ultramafic cumulates and tectonites located in Karacasu district in Kahramanmaraş and formed on the crustal rocks which are located around Göksun-Elbistan towns to the north of Kahramanmaraş, were investigated. In order to correlate the soil properties with the bedrocks from the different parts of the ophiolite, rock samples were collected from the same locations with 18 surface soil samples. Field capacity, permanent wilting point, liquid limit, plastic limit, coefficient of linear extensibility and volumetric shrinkage tests were performed on the soil samples. The crustal section is represented by the three different rock groups such as: cumulate gabbro (amphibole gabbro, olivine gabbro and gabbro), isotropic gabbro (gabbro) and sheeted dike complex (diabase). According to independent “t test” results; the physical properties of two fields were different from each other, except for the linear extension coefficient, (P

Coefficient of linear extensibility, ophiolite, soil water constants, volumetric shrinkage.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.327900

10.18393/ejss.327900

Microbial communities and their characteristics in a soil amended by nanozeolite and some plant residues: Short time in-situ incubation

Milad Mirzaei Aminiyan miladmir67@yahoo.com

Hamideh Hosseini

Amin Heydariyan

9 - 19

2017-04-29

2017-07-08

2017-07-11

2018-01-01

Soil microbial communities and their related characteristics are an important agent for soil fertility, productivity, and sustainability. Also, they are useful indicators of soil quality and life index in agricultural systems. The objectives of this study were the effect of nanozeolite and plant residues on soil microbial communities and their characteristics and also, the assessment of incubation timing on soil microbial properties. Soil microorganisms are very important in the decomposition of plant residues. In this regard, the soil samples were treated by nanozeolite (0, 10 and 30% Weight), Alfalfa and wheat straw (0 and 5% Weight). The treated soil samples were incubated in lab condition for 90 days. The result of this study showed that Bacterial, Fungal, and Actinomycete populations increased by the addition of 30% of nanozeolite and 5% of plant residues, especially alfalfa straw. Also, the addition of nanozeolite and plant residues treatments improved MBC, BR, and SIR as microbial characteristics. These parameters increased after 30 days of starting incubation, then decreased until the 75th day and finally increased slightly on the 90th day. In fact, the addition of nanozeolite and plant residues into the soil had positive effects on improvement of carbon pools and increasing carbon sequestration in it. Applied nanozeolite and plant residues in soil, improved carbon pools and increased carbon sequestration in soil. Also the application of nanozeolite and plant residues especially alfalfa straw had positive effects on improvement of soil biological communities and characteristics.

Actinomycete, Bacteria, Fungi, Biomass carbon, Respiration, Plant residue.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.328531

10.18393/ejss.328531

Multi-criteria approach with linear combination technique and analytical hierarchy process in land evaluation studies

Orhan Dengiz odengiz@omu.edu.tr

Mustafa Usul

20 - 29

2017-02-14

2017-07-03

2017-07-14

2018-01-01

Land evaluation analysis is a prerequisite to achieving optimum utilization of the available land resources. Lack of knowledge on best combination of factors that suit production of yields has contributed to the low production. The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable areas for agricultural uses. For that reasons, in order to determine land suitability classes of the study area, multi-criteria approach was used with linear combination technique and analytical hierarchy process by taking into consideration of some land and soil physico-chemical characteristic such as slope, texture, depth, derange, stoniness, erosion, pH, EC, CaCO3 and organic matter. These data and land mapping unites were taken from digital detailed soil map scaled as 1:5.000. In addition, in order to was produce land suitability map GIS was program used for the study area. This study was carried out at Mahmudiye, Karaamca, Yazılı, Çiçeközü, Orhaniye and Akbıyık villages in Yenişehir district of Bursa province. Total study area is 7059 ha. 6890 ha of total study area has been used as irrigated agriculture, dry farming agriculture, pasture while, 169 ha has been used for non-agricultural activities such as settlement, road water body etc. Average annual temperature and precipitation of the study area are 16.1oC and 1039.5 mm, respectively. Finally after determination of land suitability distribution classes for the study area, it was found that 15.0% of the study area has highly (S1) and moderately (S2) while, 85% of the study area has marginally suitable and unsuitable coded as S3 and N. It was also determined some relation as compared results of linear combination technique with other hierarchy approaches such as Land Use Capability Classification and Suitability Class for Agricultural Use methods.

Analytical hierarchy process, linear combination technique, land evaluation, land use capability cla

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.334868

10.18393/ejss.334868

Understanding phosphorus status and P translocation within wheat plant in a split-root system

Rubya Shabnam

Md.Toufiq Iqbal toufiq_iqbal@yahoo.com

30 - 42

2017-03-04

2017-08-07

2017-08-16

2018-01-01

Plants are not uniform in their nutritional requirements, most of them survive under adverse conditions of humidity, temperature, and nutrients. Because they are genetically adapted to their habitats and even some varieties of the same species show differences in absorption, translocation, accumulation and nutrient use. This study is aimed at examining the phosphorus (P) status in the different parts of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plant and its influence on plant growth and P translocation in a split-root soil culture. KH2PO4 was used as the source of phosphorus for the different level of P application. Two recently BARI developed wheat varieties namely BARI GOM 25 and BARI GOM 26 were used as testing plants. . Result showed the growth parameter increased with the increase of P application. Likewise, P uptake by wheat plant also increases with the elevated P application. However, no significant differences were observed between wheat varieties irrespective of growth and P uptake by wheat plant. Moreover, elevated P concentrations in the shoot of wheat plants probably provide more P for shoot unloading of P and for P assimilation in the controlled roots. This phenomenon results in increased P concentrations in the roots of wheat plants that mean translocation of P in the roots. These findings indicate that the added soluble P increases the absorption of nutrients from the soil solution. So, this study concluded that the application of elevated P in split-root system is efficient both for increasing shoot development and root growth and plays significant role in thePtranslocationwithin the wheat plants.

Phosphorus uptake, P use efficiency, P translocation, xylem, phloem

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.335328

10.18393/ejss.335328

Local desalination treatment plant wastewater reuse and evaluation potential absorption of salts by the halophyte plants

Elham Kalantari Kalantari867@gmail.com

Alimorad Hassanli

Gholam Abbas Ghanbarian

Ali Asghar Ghaemi

Sayed Roholla Mousavi

43 - 50

2017-04-05

2017-08-09

2017-08-19

2018-01-01

The expansion of arid and semi-arid areas and consequently water scarcity are affected by climate change. This can influence on availability and quality of water while demands on food and water are increasing. As pressure on freshwater is increasing, utilization of saline water in a sustainable approach is inevitable. Therefore, bioremediation using salt tolerant plants that is consistent with sustainable development objectives might be an alternative and effective approach. In this study, saline wastewater from a local desalination treatment plant was utilized to irrigate four halophyte plants, including Aloevera, Tamarix aphylla, Rosmarinus officinalis and Matricaria chamomilla. A field experiment was designed and conducted in Zarrindasht, south of Iran in years 2012-2013 accordingly. Two irrigation treatments consisting of freshwater with salinity of 2.04 dS.m-1 and desalination wastewater with salinity of 5.77dSm-1 were applied. The experiment was designed as a split plot in the form of randomized complete block design (RCB) with three replications. The results of variance analysis, ANOVA, on salt concentration in Aloevera showed that there was no significant difference between the effects of two irrigation water qualities except for Na. In Rosmarinus officinalis, only the ratio of K/Na showed a significant difference. None of the examined salt elements showed a significant difference in Tamarix aphylla irrigated with both water qualities. In Matricaria chamomilla, only Mg and K/Na ratio showed a significant difference (Duncan 5%). As a result, no significant difference was observed in salt absorption by the examined plants in treatments which were irrigated by desalination wastewater and freshwater. This could be a good result that encourages the use of similar wastewater to save freshwater in a sustainable system.

Salinity, desalination wastewater, bioremediation, irrigation with wastewater, halophytes.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.335329

10.18393/ejss.335329

Effects of long-term tillage systems on aggregate-associated organic carbon in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey

Mert Acar macar@cu.edu.tr

Ismail Celik

Hikmet Günal

51 - 58

2017-03-28

2017-08-09

2017-08-19

2018-01-01

The stability of aggregates plays a vital role in preserving and long term storing of soil organic carbon (SOC). In this study, the long-term (2006-2014) effects of six tillage systems on aggregate-associated SOC were investigated in a field experiment conducted under Mediterranean conditions. The tillage treatments were; conventional tillage with residue incorporated in the soil (CT1), conventional tillage with residue burned (CT2), reduced tillage with heavy tandem disc-harrow (RT1), reduced tillage with rotary tiller (RT2), reduced tillage with heavy tandem disc harrow fallowed by no-tillage (RNT) for the second crop, and no tillage (NT). The most frequently encountered aggregates in all tillage systems were at 4.0-2.0 mm size and the least frequently found aggregates were 1.0-0.5 mm. The mean weight diameter (MWD) value increased in the NT compared to the conventional tillage practices at the rates of 137% and 204%, respectively at 0-15 cm soil depth. Aggregate-associated SOC contents in 0-15 cm depth were higher under conservation tillage systems. However, the highest SOC at 15-30 cm depth were greater mainly in conventional tillage systems as 9.4% for both CT1 and CT2. The results indicated that conservation tillage systems had greater aggregation and carbon storage at the soil surface.

Aggregation, Mediterranean, soil organic carbon, soil tillage.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.335332

10.18393/ejss.335332

Surface charge is a function of organic carbon content and mineralogical compositions of soil

Sourav Kumar Khan souravkhan.90@gmail.com

Sanjib Kar

59 - 63

2017-04-05

2017-08-10

2017-08-19

2018-01-01

A study of the distribution of the electric charges in the surface horizons of two highly weathered soils Fluvaquent and Haplaquept of West Bengal, India was made by direct measurement of adsorption of ions in the presence of varying concentration of electrolyte. The objective of this study was to evaluate charge properties of two highly weathered soil of India. The results show that pH0 varies with soil according to the variation in organic carbon and sesquioxide/allophone content. Organic carbon strongly affects the variation of negative charge with pH, but sesquioxide/allophone is responsible for positive charge variation. Results used the difference between the soil pH values measured in 1M KCl and in water for estimating the point zero charge of the soil and ΔpH values estimating the net surface charge character. Surface charges is a function of organic carbon, clay content, composition of clay and amount of Fe, Al and there oxides.

Soil surface charge, organic matter, clay content, mineralogical composition.

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.336816

10.18393/ejss.336816

Prediction of infiltration from soil hydraulic properties

Henry Oppong Tuffour hoppongtuffour@gmail.com

Joseph Asare

Gilbert Mcphelan Nutakor

64 - 72

2017-06-13

2017-08-25

2017-09-05

2018-01-01

Field and laboratory infiltration measurements using infiltrometers have been the only methods of effectively determining the infiltration rates of soils. Infiltration is mainly controlled by soil hydraulic properties, especially the hydraulic conductivity. Due to the ease with which the saturated hydraulic conductivity can be determined, it is often preferred to the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in hydrological studies. It is well known that, at saturation the steady state infiltrability controls the infiltration process. Thus, it is very clear that the saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks and steady state infiltrability Ko may be closely related in one way or the other, as suggested in some few studies, wherein functions have been developed to relate these two parameters. However, these functions are often site specific and do not always carry out accurately all the time. Determination of Ko can be tedious and time consuming, whereas Ks can be easily determined in the laboratory. The present study aimed to assess the predictability of a modified Philip’s equation by substituting Ks for Ko. In this study, field infiltration measurements were conducted in two soil types under three different land use systems with a single ring infiltrometer. Field and laboratory hydraulic and hydrologic experiments were conducted on soils in a turf grass, an arable land and a pastureland in the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. Goodness-of-fit was used to compare the measured and predicted cumulative infiltration amounts from both Ko and Ks. The results showed that there was a robust relationship between the measured and predicted cumulative infiltration amount values from the Philip’s and modified Philip’s equations, respectively for all three fields. However, the use of Ks in place of Ko produced the best outcome in all the study areas. Thus, substituting Ks for Ko in the Philip’s infiltration equation can better predict cumulative infiltration amount. The proposed modified Philip’s infiltration equation and the key parameters (i.e., Sθ and Ks) provide new understanding into the realistic flow processes in soil. Furthermore, the Ks in the new equation is very close to the measured Ko.

Cumulative infiltration amount, manometer, saturated hydraulic conductivity, sorptivity, steady stat

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.337218

10.18393/ejss.337218

Evaluation of land suitability for main irrigated crops in the North-Western Region of Libya

Salah Hassanien Abd El-Aziz abdelazizsh@yahoo.com

73 - 86

2017-07-13

2017-09-05

2017-09-08

2018-01-01

Land suitability analysis can help to achieve sustainable crop production with a proper use of the natural resources. The current study was carried out on the soils of north-western area of Libya to assess their morphological, physical and chemical properties and their suitability for growing irrigated crops. The studied area lies between latitudes 32° 30′ 00.9" and 32° 57′ 34.2'' N and between longitudes 11° 35′ 08.4" and 11° 45′ 09.2" E. Two suitability methods (Sys &Verhey and Storie methods) were used to assess the land suitability of this area. According to Sys and Verhye method, the soils of the studied area varied in the suitability for irrigation between highly suitable (S1) to marginally suitable (S3). However, according to modified Storie index method the soils productivity, ranged from excellent (grade 1) for agriculture to non-agricultural (grade 6). The modified Storie index method was more effective in assessing the land suitability of this area. The drip irrigation system was also more suitable than surface irrigation method for most of the soils of the studied area. The indeces of soil suitability rating and percentage for growing alfalfa, sorghum, barley, maize, millets, wheat and safflower were higher compared to those for growing soybean, sunflower and sesame. Onion and green pepper crops were moderately suitable to be grown in 42% of the soils of the studied area while the other vegetables were not suitable to be grown in most of the soils of the studied area. The evaluated fruit trees could be arranged according to the soil suitability rating and percentage in the order of date palm > olives > guava > citrus > banana. The results also revealed that the studied area has a good potential to produce the selected crops under irrigation provided that the water requirements for these crops are met. The main limiting factors for land suitability for growing crops are soil texture, soil depth, calcium carbonate, alkaline pH and soil salinity.

Land evaluation, irrigation methods, suitability for crops

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.337222

10.18393/ejss.337222

Does hazelnut husk compost (HHC) effect on soil water holding capacity (WHC)? An environmental approach

Tayfun Aşkın tayfuna@odu.edu.tr

Selahattin Aygün

87 - 92

2017-06-03

2017-09-05

2017-09-08

2018-01-01

In this study, we applied hazelnut husk waste that was composted by using microbial biotechnological techniques into soil in the field conditions. The hazelnut husk compost (HHC) was applied in two hazelnut orchards having different textures such as sandy loam (SL) and clay loam (CL) soils and used different application rates (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 t da-1). Soil sampling was done four times in a year (spring, summer, fall and winter). We investigated the effects of HHC on soil water holding capacity related to available water content of soil at both field capacity (FC) and permanent wilting point (PWP) with weight basis. Soil moisture coefficients were determined by using pressure plate and indicated as percentage weights at FC (-33 kPa) and PWP (-1500 kPa). Our results showed that HHC doses, sampling periods and soil textures effected soil water holding capacity at both FC and PWP. In addition, FC and PWP were found the highest at 10 t da-1 application dose. Findings of this study, the huge importance of HHC that related to protect soil water without harmful to the environment emphasized.

Field capacity, permanent wilting point, hazelnut husk, environment, soil.