EJSS

Eurasian Journal of Soil Science

Eurasian J Soil Sci

2147 - 4249

Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.2013.1.001-006

10.18393/ejss.2013.1.001-006

Groundwater quality of Assini and Iria Valleys in Peloponnese Region, Greece

Maria Psychoyou lhyd4psm@aua.gr

Spiros Rizos

Anastasia Sgoubopoulou

1 - 6

2011-02-01

2012-10-31

2012-11-05

2013-04-15

The degradation of groundwater quality is mainly related to the intensification of agriculture, the use of fertilizers and the overexploitation of groundwater aquifers which in coastal areas leads to sea water intrusion. An assessment of groundwater quality was conducted in Assini and Iria valleys. Groundwater samples was collected in the beginning (May) and in the end (October) of the irrigation season and subjected to chemical analyses for the main anions and cations. Groundwater was classified using the Piper diagram. Chloride and E.C. (electrical conductivity) contour maps of the regions were obtained in order to evaluate the extent of sea water intrusion. The main cultivated crops in the regions are irrigated citrus and high amounts of nitrogen fertilizers are used. Nitrate concentration of groundwater was found often to exceed the value of 50 mg/l. A comparison was made with the situation that was prevailing in the region eight years ago. The suitability of groundwater for irrigation was evaluated.

Nitrate, sea water intrusion, fertilizer movement

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.ejss.2013.1.007-011

10.18393/ejss.ejss.2013.1.007-011

Long term effect of metal pollution in the catchment area of Tisza River

Zoltán Győri gyori@agr.unideb.hu

Norbert Boros

Emese Szabó

Péter Sipos

7 - 11

2011-02-12

2012-11-01

2012-11-06

2013-04-15

In January and March 2000 two tailings dam failures occurred in the upper Tisza catchment area near Baia Mare and Baia Borsa (Romania). These accidents focused attention on the metal pollution of the Tisza catchment area, and the short term effects of them were studied by many researchers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long term effects of these pollutions by determining the Lakanen-Erviö extractable easily available metal contents of samples collected in 2011 from floodplains and pastures along the Tisza (Tivadar, Vásárosnamény, Rakamaz, Tiszacsege), and comparing them to our earlier results. Cu and Zn contents were measured by Optima 3300 DV ICP-OES (Perkin-Elmer). The measurement of Pb and Cd was conducted by QZ 939 GF-AAS (Unicam) in 2000 and by an X7 ICP-MS (Thermo Fisher) in 2011. We found that the Cd, Zn and Pb contents of the pasture near Vásárosnamény exceed limit values and natural background values. In addition, during a 11 year period the easily available Cd, Zn and Pb contents increased significantly, suggesting that the hazard of this pollution should not be neglected.

Tisza River, heavy metal pollution, Lakanen-Erviö extraction

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.2013.1.012-018

10.18393/ejss.2013.1.012-018

Determination of potential hazelnut plantation areas based GIS model case study: Samsun city of central Black Sea region

Fatma Sarıoğlu

Fikret Saygın

Gülden Balcı

Orhan Dengiz odengiz@omu.edu.tr

Hüsnü Demirsoy

12 - 18

2011-02-12

2012-11-01

2012-11-07

2013-04-15

Turkey is one of the few countries in the world with a favourable climate for hazelnut production. In addition, it has the leading position in world hazelnut production and export, supplying about 70% of world’s production. However, hazelnut production exceeds the demand and new some regulations have been enacted to create new land use policies in Turkey. By putting into practice regulations restricting hazelnut plantation areas, a more efficient and productive hazelnut harvest policy could be created. Samsun city is one of the most important hazelnut production centres in Central Black Sea region. The main objective of this study is to determine potential hazelnut areas in Samsun city located Central Black Sea Region according to current regulations using geographic information system technique regarding to support hazelnut policy developers and organizations. According to the criteria dictated by government regulations, potential hazelnut area in Samsun province was determined and 86973 ha of the total area is suitable hazelnut area which is about 9.3% of whole province.

Hazelnut, Land Capability Classification, GIS Modelling

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.2013.1.019-027

10.18393/ejss.2013.1.019-027

Potential land use planning and assessment in the west part of the Büyük Menderes basin by ILSEN Model

Mustafa Bolca mustafa.bolca@ege.edu.tr

Fulsen Özen

Yusuf Kurucu

Ünal Altınbaş

Burçin Çokuysal

Sezai Delibacak

19 - 27

2012-08-20

2012-11-16

2012-11-19

2013-04-15

This research was planned to investigate the structural properties and soil mapping capability according to rules of the 7. Approximation Soil Taxonomic System of the region western part of the Büyük Menderes Basin by using Landsat satellite images in remote sensing technique. The data gathered from field observation about some soil properties and land requirements of different land use types were correlated and as a result of that the boundaries of land use patterns were carried out. Land use patterns were detected according to suitable land use classes for soil mapping units and potential land use map were done. Land use assessment is likely to be the prediction of land potential for productive land use types. This case is great important in guiding decisions on land uses in terms of potential and conserving natural resources for future generations. The main objective of this study was to determine land resources and to assess potential land use in the west part of the Büyük Menderes Basin of Aegean region. The study area covers about 24.300 km2 and formed on alluvial material deposited by Büyük Menders River. Using Landsat 5 TM satellite images, which cover back and foot slope of mountain and alluvial plains of the western part of Menderes Basin, and taking physiographic units of the region as basis, detailed soil series and phases were determined. Soils of the region were classified as Entisol, Inceptisol as 2 orders, 4 suborders, 4 great groups and 6 sub groups, and 10 series. Twenty-five different land utilization types grouped into 4 major land use groups were evaluated for the studied area’s soils. ILSEN computer model was used to determined potential land use groups and suitable classes for agricultural uses. In addition, ArcGIS software was used to generate their maps and database. Suitability map for agricultural uses results showed that, distributions of the best, relatively good, problematic and restricted agricultural lands were 31,68%, 22,63%, 22,16% and 23,53% respectively. Only 31,68% of the study area has the best land for agricultural uses. The main plant growth limitation soil factors are shallow soil depth, high slope, subsurface stoniness, poor drainage, heavy and coarse sub surface soil texture and low water retention capacity.

Land use planning, Land utilization type, GIS, Potential land use, Soil Series, Remote sensing

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.2013.1.028-034

10.18393/ejss.2013.1.028-034

Adsorption-desorption behaviour of chlorimuron-ethyl herbicide on homoionic clays

Archana Suyal

Shailendra Chauhan

Anjana Srivastava anj612003@yahoo.co.in

P. Srivastava

28 - 34

2012-06-23

2012-12-01

2012-12-05

2013-04-15

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the adsorption-desorption behaviour of Chlorimuron-ethyl herbicide on three homoionic clays (Kaolinite (K), Mica (M) and Bentonite (B)), which are found in Indian soils. The adsorption- desorption data of chlorimuron-ethyl fitted well to Freundlich adsorption- desorption isotherm model (R² = 0.755 to 0.986). The computed valued of log K and 1/n varied from 4.0199 (B-Cu) to 4.1144 (B-Ca) and from 0.4458 (M-Cu) to 0.7894 (K-Ca) respectively. Desorption data of chlorimuron-ethyl were also fitted to Freundlich model and the values of log K' and 1/n' ranged from 4.2727 (K-Ca) to 4.2933 (M-Ca) and from 0.0006 (B-Cu) to 0.0033 (B-Ca), respectively. Higher values of desorption index n'/n indicated poor reversibility of chlorimuron ethyl by soil clays.

Adsorption-desorption; Chlorimuron-ethyl; Kaolinite; Bentonite; Mica

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.2013.1.035-044

10.18393/ejss.2013.1.035-044

Effects of sewage sludge on the yield of plants in the rotation system of wheat-white head cabbage-tomato

Mehmet Ozyazici arifozyazici@hotmail.com

35 - 44

2013-01-05

2013-03-10

2013-03-11

2013-04-15

This research was carried to determine the effects of sewage sludge applications on the yield and yield components of plants under crop rotation system. The field experiments were conducted in the Bafra Plain, located in the north region of Turkey. In this research, the “wheat-white head cabbage-tomato” crop rotation systems have been examined and the same crop rotation has been repeated in two separate years and field trials have been established. Seven treatments were compared: a control without application of sludge nor nitrogen fertilization, a treatment without sludge, but nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization, applied at before sowing of wheat and five treatments where, respectively 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 tons sludge ha-1. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. The results showed that all the yield components of wheat and yield of white head cabbage and tomato increased significantly with increasing rates of sewage sludge as compared to control. As a result, 20 t ha-1 of sewage sludge application could be recommended the suitable dose for the rotation of wheat-white head cabbage-tomato in soil and climatic conditions of Bafra Plain.

Sewage sludge, tomato, wheat, white head cabbage

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.2013.1.045-053

10.18393/ejss.2013.1.045-053

Transformation of upper part soil profile of sod-podzolic light loamy soils under the conditions of long-term soil improvement (To centerary of the long-term field experiment at Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy)

Nikolay Matyuk

Mikhail Mazirov mazirov@timacad.ru

Daria Kascheeva

Valery Polin

Valeria Arefieva

45 - 53

2013-01-05

2013-03-25

2013-03-28

2013-04-15

Arable sod-podzolic soils have the definite characteristics inherited from the virgin soils and obtained during the modern process of soil genesis under the influence of mankind activity. In arable soils hydrothermal conditions, biological turnover of nutrients change significantly that connected with their taking out with the yield and the compensation with mineral and organic fertilizers. The period of agricultural treatment of the soils indicates the total influence of the intensification factors and causes the changes in characteristics, regimes and fertility not only of arable layer, but lower layers of the upper part of soil profile (0-100 cm).

Soil profile, long-term experiment, humus, total nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.2013.1.054-058

10.18393/ejss.2013.1.054-058

Non-linear thermodynamic laws application to soil processes

Ilgiz Khabirov ilkhabirov@yandex.ru

Fariz Mikayilov

54 - 58

2013-01-05

2013-03-25

2013-03-28

2013-04-15

An attempt has been made to analyze the possibility to use nonequilibrium thermodynamics for the soil dynamic open systemstreatment. Entropy change of such a system and the entropy coming from or going into the outer sphere. In the steady state, dynamic soil-formation processes occur within an organized structure and are characterized by stable parameters close to equilibrium. Accordingly, when examining soil, one can proceed from the conventional thermodynamic equilibrium. However, the matter of Onzager-Prigozhin general phenomenological theory applicability to soil processes is more complicated. To study soil stability it is necessary to go beyond the limits of linear thermodynamics.

Thermodynamic laws, soil processes, soil stability

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.2013.1.059-068

10.18393/ejss.2013.1.059-068

Regularities of Cu, Pb and Zn adsorption by chernozems of the South of Russia

David Pinsky

Tatiana Minkina minkina@sfedu.ru

59 - 68

2013-01-20

2013-03-28

2013-03-30

2013-04-15

The parameters of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ adsorption by chernozems of the south of Russia and their particle-size fractions were studied. The adsorption capacity of chernozems for Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+ depending on the particle-size distribution decreased in the following sequence: clay loamy ordinary chernozem ~ clay loamy southern chernozem > loamy southern chernozem > loamy sandy southern chernozem. According to the parameters of the adsorption by the different particle-size fractions (Cmax and k), the heavy metal cations form a sequence analogous to that obtained for the entire soils: Cu2+ ≥ Pb2+ > Zn2+. The parameters of the heavy metal adsorption by similar particle-size fractions separated from different soils decreased in the following order: clay loamy chernozem > loamy chernozem > loamy sandy chernozem. The ratio between the content of exchangeable cations displaced from the soil adsorbing complex (SAC) into the solution and the content of adsorbed HMs decreased with the increasing concentration of adsorbed HMs. These values could be higher (for Cu2+ and Pb2+), equal, or lower than 1 (for Zn2+) and depend on the properties of HMs. At the first case, this was due to the dissolution of readily soluble salts at low HM concentrations in the SAC. In the latter case, this was related to the adsorption of associated forms HMs and the formation of new phases localized on the surface of soil particles at high HM concentrations in the SAC.

Adsorption, exchangeable cations, particle-size fractions, heavy metals

http://ejss.fesss.org/10.18393/ejss.2013.1.069-075

10.18393/ejss.2013.1.069-075

Soil dehydrogenase activity of natural macro aggregates in a toposequence of forest soil

Maira Kussainova madgu@inbox.ru

Murat Durmuş

Aylin Erkoçak

69 - 75

2013-01-26

2013-04-04

2013-04-09

2013-04-15

The main objective of this study was to determine changes in soil dehydrogenase activity in natural macro aggregates development along a slope in forest soils. This study was carried out in Kocadag, Samsun, Turkey. Four landscape positions i.e., summit, shoulder backslope and footslope, were selected. For each landseape position, soil macro aggregates were separated into six aggregate size classes using a dry sieving method and then dehydrogenase activity was analyzed. In this research, topography influenced the macroaggregate size and dehydrogenase activity within the aggregates. At all landscape positions, the contents of macro aggregates (especially > 6.3 mm and 2.00–4.75 mm) in all soil samples were higher than other macro aggregate contents. In footslope position, the soils had generally the higher dehydrogenase activity than the other positions at all landscape positions. In all positions, except for shoulder, dehydrogenase activity was greater macro aggregates of

Topograpy, soil, aggregate, dehydrogenase activity